B7 Interim

Question 1

Define “Population”.

Answer 1

The total number of all the organisms of the same species that live in a particular geographical area.

Question 2

Define “Community”.

Answer 2

A group of 2 or more populations of different species that live in the same geographical area.

Question 3

Define “Competition”

Answer 3

The contest between organisms for resources.

Question 4

What is “interspecific competition”?

Answer 4

Competition between organisms of different species in a community eg between red and grey squirrels.

Question 5

What is “intraspecific competition”?

Answer 5

Competition between organisms of the same species.

Question 6

What three things do plants compete for?

Answer 6

Light, space and water.

Question 7

What three things do animals compete for?

Answer 7

Food, mates and territory.

Question 8

What is an “Abiotic factor”?

Answer 8

Non-living parts of the environment.

Question 9

Give two examples of abiotic factors.

Answer 9

• Light intensity
• Water / Moisture level
• pH of soil
• Mineral content of soil
• Wind intensity
• Wind direction
• Temperature
• Carbon dioxide / Oxygen levels

Question 10

What is a “biotic factor”?

Answer 10

Living parts of the environment.

Question 11

Give 2 examples of biotic factors.

Answer 11

• Predators
• Food / Prey
• Disease
• Competitors

Question 12

What is a structural adaptation?

Answer 12

Physical features that allow an organism to compete eg a polar bear has thick white fur to stay warm and camouflaged.

Question 13

What is a behavioural adaptation?

Answer 13

Specific behaviours that benefit an organism.

Question 14

Define “Ecosystem”.

Answer 14

The interaction of biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.

Question 15

What is an “extremophile”?

Answer 15

An organism that is adapted to live in extreme environments eg polar regions.

Question 16

Describe how a transect can be used to measure whether the distribution of an organism changes in an area.

Answer 16

• Place a line / tape measure along the area.
• Systematically place a quadrat on the line (eg every 1 m)
• Record the numbers of species present

Question 17

Describe how a quadrat could be used to estimate the number of daisies in the playing field.

Answer 17

• Use a pair of random numbers to get 6 sets of coordinates.
• Visit each coordinate and put the quadrat down.
• Count the number of daisies in each quadrat.
• Calculate the mean number of daisies per quadrat.
• Multiply the mean by how many quadrats would fit on the field.

Question 18

What is a “producer”?

Answer 18

An organism that produces its own food and energy by photosynthesis.

Question 19

What is a “consumer”?

Answer 19

Any organism that obtains energy by eating another organism.

Question 20

Name one way in which carbon is removed from the atmosphere.

Answer 20

Photosynthesis

Question 21

Give 2 ways in which carbon is released in to the atmosphere.

Answer 21

• Respiration
• Combustion / Burning

Question 22

How is carbon passed from plants to animals?

Answer 22

Feeding

Question 23

How does carbon in animal biomass (faeces and dead organisms) get returned to the soil?

Answer 23

It is decayed by decomposers (bacteria and fungi)

Question 24

Name the main processes in the water cycle.

Answer 24

• Condensation
• Evaporation
• Precipitation
• Transpiration
• Surface run-off

Question 25

Name the square frames used in sampling.

Answer 25

Quadrats.

Question 26

In what form does carbon exist in the atmosphere?

Answer 26

Carbon Dioxide.

Question 27

What do the arrows in a food chain represent?

Answer 27

The transfer of energy from one organism to the next.