B7 Animal Coordination, Control and Homeostasis

Question 1

What are the endocrine glands?

Answer 1

Pituitary, thyroid, adrenals, ovaries, testes and pancreas

Question 2

What is a metabolic rate?

Answer 2

The rate at which the reactions in your body take place to keep you alive

Question 3

How does thyroxine get released?

Answer 3

Hypothalamus releases TRH which stimulates the pituitary gland to release TSH which stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroxine

Question 4

What effects does adrenaline have on the body?

Answer 4

1. Hear muscles rapidly contract which increases heart rate
2. Diameter of blood vessels widens for increased blood flow
3. Liver cells change glycogen into glucose and release it into the blood, increasing blood sugar concentration

Question 5

How long does the menstrual cycle last for?

Answer 5

28 days

Question 6

What happens during days 1-5?

Answer 6

Menstruation - the uterus lining breaks down and is lost with the unfertilised egg cell

Question 7

What happens during days 6-14?

Answer 7

Uterus lining thickens and the egg follicle matures

Question 8

What happens during days 14-17?

Answer 8

Ovulation occurs when the ovary releases the egg

Question 9

What happens during days 18-28?

Answer 9

The uterus lining is maintained by progesterone

Question 10

What happens days 28?

Answer 10

The cycle repeats

Question 11

What does FSH do?

Answer 11

Stimulates the development of eggs

Question 12

What does LH do?

Answer 12

Stimulates ovulation

Question 13

What does oestrogen do?

Answer 13

Stimulates the release of LH

Question 14

What does progesterone do?

Answer 14

Inhibits the release of FSH and LH and maintains the uterus lining

Question 15

What is clomifene therapy?

Answer 15

Where the FSH and LH levels are increased to increase the chance that ovulation occurs

Question 16

What is IVF?

Answer 16

Where egg cells are taken out of the woman’s uterus and is fused in a laboratory to produce embroys.

Question 17

What does insulin do?

Answer 17

Convert glucose into glycogen to reduce blood sugar levels

Question 18

What does glucagon do?

Answer 18

Convert glycogen into glucose

Question 19

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 19

When the insulin producing cells don’t produce enough insulin

Question 20

How can type 1 diabetes be treated?

Answer 20

Insulin injection under the fat

Question 21

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 21

When the target organs don’t respond to the insulin

Question 22

How can type 2 diabetes be treated?

Answer 22

1. Exercising regularly
2. Eating a heathy diet

Question 23

How does the body change when it is too hot?

Answer 23

1. Temperature receptors detect it is too hot
2. Sweat released by sweat glands
3. Increased blood flow to the surface of the skin (vasodilation)
4. Less blood flowing through shunt vessels
5. Hairs lie flat

Question 24

How does the body change when it is too cold?

Answer 24

1. Temperature receptors detect it is too cold
2. Shivering by fast contraction and relaxation of muscles
3. Contraction of erector muscles
4. Decreased blood flow to the surface of the skin (vasoconstriction)
5. Hairs stand up to trap warm air

Question 25

How can kidney failure be treated

Answer 25

1. Kidney dialysis
2. Kidney transplant