B6-Brain And Mind Flashcards
What are receptors?
These are cells that detect stimuli and they are found in places like ears, eyes, skin
Name two organs that make up the central nervous system?
Brain and spinal code
What do sensory neurones do?
Send the information along to the central nervous system from the receptors
Where do motor neurones carry signals to and from?
The central nervous system sends Information to the muscles along the motor neurones
What are effectors?
All your muscles and glands which respond to nervous impulses
What is the role of the central nervous system?
Collects information from sensory neurones and decides what to do
How do neurones transmit information?
Through electrical impulses
What is an axon?
Is made from the nerves cells cytoplasm. It’s stretched out into long fibre and surrounded by a cell membrane
What is the function of the fatty sheath surrounding the axons?
Speeds up electrical impulses
What is a synapse?
A synapse is a gap between two neurones
Name two different chemicals that affect the transmission of impulses across synapses?
Ecstasy and beta blockers
What is a reflex?
Reflex are responses you don’t think about
Describe how information travels along a reflex arc from a receptor to an effector?
Something stimulates pain receptors and the message travels along to the sensory neurones and then the message is passed along relay neurones. Then the message travels along a motor neurone.
Give two ways that simple reflexes increase an animals chances of survival?
Reflexes in eyes and reflex to make you drop something If its hot
What reflex did Pavlov did notice in his dogs?
Salivated when they see or smell food
How did Pavlov create a conditioned reflex in dogs?
By making the dogs salivate when they heard the bell ring
Describe another example of a conditioned reflex?
Predators avoiding brightly coloured insects
How can new experiences increase the number of connections the brain has as a child?
Because the pathways in the brain that are being used won’t die off
What happens to pathways when activities are repeated?
Become strengthened
Name two things that the cerebral cortex of the brain is important for?
Language and memory
Give three methods used by scientists to study the brain?
Can study patients with Brain damage
Electrically stimulate different parts of the brain
Scan the brain
What is memory?
Memory is storage and retrieval of information
What happens to information in short term memory that’s repeated?
It will move to long term memory
Information can be received from long term memory and remembered?
True
What is a stimulus?
Something that causes your body to react towards it eg; getting stung by a bee
