B5.082 Prework 2: Hematura: Malignant Causes

Question 1

incidence of malignancy in cases of hematuria

Answer 1

5% of microscopic cases
25% of gross cases
most malignant causes are otherwise asymptomatic (hematuria is only symptom)

Question 2

what % of enhancing renal masses are RCC?

Answer 2

80%

Question 3

stage 1 RCC

Answer 3

tumor within capsule
<4 cm T1a
>4 cm to 7 cm T1b

Question 4

stage 2 RCC

Answer 4

tumor invasion of perinephric fat

Question 5

stage 3 RCC

Answer 5

tumor involvement of regional lymph nodes and/or renal vein and cava

Question 6

stage 4 RCC

Answer 6

adjacent organs or distant metastases

Question 7

treatment of small, localized RCC (T1a)

Answer 7

surveillance
ablation
partial nephrectomy

Question 8

treatment of larger, localized RCC (T1a/T2)

Answer 8

partial versus radical nephrectomy

Question 9

treatment of locally advanced RCC (T3)

Answer 9

radical nephrectomy

Question 10

treatment of locally invasive, nodally metastatic, or distant metastatic RCC (T4)

Answer 10

systemic therapy

Question 11

treatment of low grade, noninvasive UCC

Answer 11

endoscopic resection and observation

Question 12

treatment of high grade, noninvasive UCC

Answer 12

intravesical therapy (BCG)

Question 13

treatment of invasive UCC (T2)

Answer 13

chemo and radical cystectomy

Question 14

treatment of locally advanced/metastatic UCC (>T2)

Answer 14

chemo

Question 15

upper tract UCC

Answer 15

uncommon in isolation (usually associated with UCC of bladder)
presents at higher stage typically
associated with Lynch Syndrome 9MLH1, MSH2)—colon cancer too