B5.082 - CBCL Hematuria LG

Question 1

possible risk factors that might trigger acute urinary retention in a male?

Answer 1

Prostatitis
narcotics
benadryl
sudafed
ditropan
alcoholic drinking binge
general or spinal anesthesia

Question 2

how do you diagnose microscopic hematuria

Answer 2

microscopic urinalysis

must show 3 or more RBCs per hpf

Question 3

after finding microscopic hematuria what do you do

Answer 3

get a GFR to assess kidney function and see if they can stand a CT with contrast

Question 4

medical management of BPH

Answer 4

alpha blockers

5-alpha reductase inhibitor

Question 5

what are examples of alpha blockers

Answer 5

terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin

Question 6

what are examples of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors

Answer 6

finasteride, dutasteride

Question 7

what do alpha blockers do with BPH

Answer 7

relax prostatic smooth muscle by blocking alpha 1a adrenergic receptors
can cause congestion and hypotension

Question 8

what do 5-alpha reductase inhibitors do

Answer 8

block conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

Question 9

side effects of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors

Answer 9

gyneocomastia

erectile dysfunction

Question 10

what is the surgical treatment for BPH

Answer 10

TURP
open simple prostatectomy
transurethral laser surgery
minimally invasive therapy

Question 11

indications for surgical management of BPH

Answer 11

gross hematuria
UTI
bladder stones
urinary retention
bladder diverticula

Question 12

is urine dipstick enough to dx microhematuria?

Answer 12

FUCK NOOOOOOOO GET URINE MICROSCOPY

Question 13

definition of microhematuria

Answer 13

3 or more RBCs/hpf in absence of infection

Question 14

chance of malignancy in setting of microhematuria

Answer 14

3-5%

Question 15

change of malignancy in gross hematuria

Answer 15

25%

Question 16

chance of malignancy in setting of enhancing renal mass

Answer 16

80% are RCC

Question 17

diagnostic work up of microhematuria

Answer 17

upper tract imaging with CT urogram

eval of lower tract wiht cystoscopy

Question 18

what is a T1 stage RCC

Answer 18

organ confined

Question 19

what is T1a RCC defined as

Answer 19

organ confined <4 cm

Question 20

what is T1b RCC defined as

Answer 20

organ confined 4-7 cm

Question 21

what is T2 RCC defined as

Answer 21

> 7-10 cm

Question 22

what upgrades a RCC to T2

Answer 22

invasion of perinephric or renal sinus fat

Question 23

most common subtype of RCC and its cell of origin

Answer 23

clear cell

proximal convoluted tubule

Question 24

associate syndrome with clear cell RCC

Answer 24

VHL mutation

Question 25

what is VHL mutation

Answer 25

VHL is a tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 3

its a VEGF inhibitor