B5 fin Flashcards
How do bacteria cause disease
They divide rapidly by splitting in two called binary fission, the bacteria produces toxics that damage cells and make you feel ill
How do viruses deal diseases
They take over cells, live and reproduce inside cells, damaging and destroying them
What are vectors and how do controlling them control diseases
They animals that carry diseases and killing them and reducing their population can reduce risk of speed of infection
What are vaccinations
Doctors put a few, inactive, harmless, specific pathogens in your body, so when your immune system comes in contact with the live pathogen it is prepared
Name some human pathogen defemce
Sin acts as a barrier, skin produces antimicrobial secretions to destroy bacteria , mucus and nose hair traps particles that may contain pathogens, stomach produces acid that burns pathogens
How do white blood cells protect your body
Sometimes they eat (ingest) pathogens, digesting and destroying pathogens, they sometimes produce antibodies which target bacteria or viruses, you need specific antibody for each virus or bacteria, once an antibody has been made for a pathogen it is easier to make a second time and sometimes they produce antitoxins to cancel out toxins produced by pathogens
What does Plasma contain
Carbon dioxide, glucose, hormones
Name some plant physical barriers against animals and pathogens
bark, cell walls, waxy cuticle, hard shells, thorns and spines. As well plants discourage animals by causing physical damage or by inducing rashes and allergic reactions as well
Name some plants that use chemicals to protect themselves
Witch hazel and mint which are also used as antibiotics when adapted
How to identify plant diseases
(HT only) Identification can be made by:
• reference to a gardening manual or website
• taking infected plants to a laboratory to identify the pathogen
• using testing kits that contain monoclonal antibodies.
Good to know
Plants can be damaged by a range of ion deficiency conditions:
• stunted growth caused by nitrate deficiency
• chlorosis caused by magnesium deficiency.
