b5 - economic factors that affect development

Question 1

lifestyle - nutrition and dietary choices

Answer 1

• some may choose a diet that involves unhealthy food and drink, others may eat an unhealthy diet due to convenience and cost
• healthy diet has balance of carbohydrates protein, nutrients, fats and fibre that a body needs
• deficiencies in diet may affect health and development of bones, organs and muscles and slow the healing process
• may also result in obesity that increases pressure on joints and organs, can lead to heart disease and arthritis
• changes in diet can reduce risk of health conditions such as diabetes

Question 2

lifestyle - exercise

Answer 2

• regular exercise is essential for development, helps to maintain healthy weight
• important for skeleton, mobility and heart function
• can also impact wellbeing and reduce likelihood of mental health problems
• department of health refers to lack of exercise as a silent killer, increases risk of stroke, heart disease and type 2 diabetes

Question 3

lifestyle - use and misuse of substances

Answer 3

• any substance misuse can affect health and lead to addiction
• may cause short term effects that make someone feel good for a while, but they will quickly come down from the effects and feel low
• significant negative effects on the body in both the short and long term

Question 4

lifestyle - drug use

Answer 4

• cannabis is used for a calming effect but affects brain function, linked with mental health problems and schizophrenia, can cause respiratory problems or even lung cancer if used with tobacco
• cocaine can give an energy boost but will result in person feeling unwell or depressed when it wears off, overstimulates heart which can lead to heart attacks or death
• ecstasy and speed can increase alertness but have detrimental effects, ecstasy can impact on memory and cause depression, speed can affect blood pressure and cause heart attacks

Question 5

lifestyle - alcohol

Answer 5

• in 2016, department of health recommended that adults should not consume more than 14 units a week over several days, with some alcohol free
• 65% of men and 49% of women reported drinking more than this in 2007
• 32% of men and 24% of women have a lifestyle that involves heavy drinking
• no level of alcohol consumption is healthy, increased risk to health, particularly in instances of throat, mouth and breast cancer
• higher risk of bowel cancer, over disease and heart disease
• binge drinking can result in different behaviour, leading to accidents or unprotected intercourse

Question 6

lifestyle - tobacco

Answer 6

• smoking affects all organs but causes particular problems for the lungs, cause of most cases of lung cancer
• increases risk of coronary heart disease, strokes and lung disease
• can also affect children in the family who inhale nicotine, and the unborn baby of a smoking mother