B5 communicable diseases Flashcards
Define health
A state of mental and physical well being
What are communicable diseases
Infectious diseases caused by pathogens
How do viruses attack the body
They get inside cells and use the hosts resources to reproduce itself, damaging or killing the cell
How does bacteria attack the body
It gets inside the body and releases toxins making us feel ill
How do protists attack the body
They can release toxins and attack cells
How does fungi attack the body
It can grow through and invade tissue causing damage
What are the different ways pathogens can be spread
Direct contact, water, airborne, body fluids , vectors
Details about measles
- Virus
- Fever and red skin rash
- spread by inhaling droplets
- Can be vaccinated to prevent
- Once you have it no cure
Details about HIV
- Virus
- Initially flu like and damages immune system leading to aids
- Spread through sexual contact
- Condoms, don’t share needles
- No cure but antiretroviral drugs can stop development of aids
Details about Tobacco mosaic virus
- Virus
- Pattern of discolouration on leaves, stunt growth of plant
- Spread by contact of plants
- Prevention destroy infected plants and clean infected tools
- No cure only prevention
Details about salmonella
- Bacteria
- Fever, vomiting, diarrhoea
- Spread through undercooked or unhygienic meat
- Vaccinate chickens, hygiene around food
- Treatment can be antibiotics
Details about gonorrhoea
- Bacteria
- Pain, thick yellow discharge from penis or vagina
- Through sexual contact
- Prevention wear condoms
- Antibiotics
Details about malaria
- Protist
- Fever can be fatal
- Spread through mosquito bites
- Mosquito nets or kill
- Anti malaria drugs
Details about rose black spot
- Fungus
- Purple/black spots stunts growth
- Rain splash or wind spread from plants to plant
- Prevention Fungicides or kill affected trees
- Cure with fungicides
Who created the theory of hygiene
Ignaz Semmelweis
How does the nose prevent pathogens from entering the body
Tiny hairs and mucus in the nose trap and stop pathogens from being breathed in
How does skin protect against pathogens
A thick, tough barrier that’s stops pathogens from entering the blood
How does stomach prevent pathogens from entering the body
It’s very acidic and destroys bacteria on our food
How does the trachea and bronchi prevent pathogens from entering the body
Sticky mucus traps pathogens that we breathe in and then hairs called cilia remove the mucus
What are the 3 ways a white blood cell can kill a pathogen
Engulf, release antibodies, release antitoxins
What is the process of engulfing
Pathogens are engulfed and destroyed in a process called phagocytosis
What’s the process of releasing antibodies
They are released and y shaped proteins bind and destroy the pathogens
What’s the process of realising antitoxins
When there releases they deactivate the toxins produced by bacteria
