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Physics > B.5 Circuits > Flashcards

B.5 Circuits Flashcards

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1
Q

Current

A

The rate of flow of electric charge

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2
Q

Amount of charge symbol

A

q

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3
Q

Amount of charge units

A

Coulombs (C)

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4
Q

Current units

A

C/s (coulombs per sec) or A (amperes)

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5
Q

What are the charge carriers in electric circuits?

A

Electrons

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6
Q

What is elementary charge?

A

The charge of a single electron

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7
Q

What is direct current?

A

A current that flows continually in one direction

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8
Q

What is alternating current?

A

Current that reverses direction at regular intervals

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9
Q

Potential difference

A

The difference in the electric potential energy of a charge between two points

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10
Q

Current in a series circuit

A

The current is the same around the circuit

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11
Q

Potential difference in a series circuit

A

The sum of all the potential differences across the components add up to the potential difference across the power supply.

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12
Q

Current in a parallel circuit

A

The current splits up between the branches

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13
Q

Potential difference in a parallel circuit

A

The potential difference in each branch is the same

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14
Q

Resistance

A

The ratio of p.d across a component to the current flowing through a component

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15
Q

Resistor

A

A component whose resistance is constant over a range of p.d’s and currents

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16
Q

Ohms Law

A

The current flowing though a piece of metal is proportional to the p.d across it providing the temp remains constant.

17
Q

Ohmic

A

A metal conductor at a constant temp and resistance

18
Q

Non-ohmic

A

A metal whose resistance changes due to a temp increase

19
Q

On a graph of I against V what does a straight line suggest?

A

Ohmic

20
Q

On a graph of I against V what does a curved line suggest?

A

Non-ohmic

21
Q

What is the resistance of an ideal ammeter?

A

zero

22
Q

What is the resistance of an ideal voltmeter?

A

infinite

23
Q

What do resistors convert

A

the electrical potential energy of the electrons flowing through them into heat energy

24
Q

What is a variable resistor?

A

A resistor whose resistance can be changed

25
Q

Electrical resistivity

A

The property of a substance which gives a measure of how the substance opposes the flow of electric current.

26
Q

resistivity units

A

Ωm

27
Q

Light dependent resistor

A

A resistor whose resistance depends on the intensity of light that falls upon it.

28
Q

What happens to the resistance of an LDR as the light intensity increases

A

The resistance decreases

29
Q

How should you connect a LDR to turn a component on as light intensity increases?

A

Series:
Light intensity ⬆️
Resistance of LDR ⬇️
V across LDR ⬇️
V across bulb ⬆️
Bulb turns on!

30
Q

How should you connect a LDR to turn a component on as light intensity decreases?

A

Parallel:
Light Intensity⬇️
R of LDR ⬆️
V across LDR ⬆️
V across bulb ⬆️
bulb turns on!

31
Q

Thermistor

A

A resistor whose resistance is dependent on its temp

32
Q

What happens to the resistance of a thermistor as the temp increases?

A

The resistance decreases

33
Q

How should you connect a thermistor to turn a component on as temp decreases?

A

Paralell:
Temp ⬇️
R of thermistor ⬆️
V across thermistor ⬆️
V across bulb ⬆️
Bulb turns on!

34
Q

How should you connect a thermistor to turn a component on as temp increases?

A

Series:
Temp ⬆️
R of thermistor ⬇️
V across thermistor ⬇️
V across bulb ⬆️
Bulb turns on!

35
Q

Electrical power

A

The amount of energy used or supplied per unit time.

36
Q

What type of current do chemical cells produce?

A

Direct

37
Q

This card is blank

A

Physics (12 decks)

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