B5 Flashcards
Define Genome
The entire genetic material in an organism
What is an allele
Different versions of the same gene
Define the term Genotype
Specific characteristics, BB, Bb, bb
Define phenotype
The characteristics the genotype presents , brown eyes , blue eyes
Heterozygous
Different genotype letter Bb
Homozygous
Same genotype letter , BB or bb
What is a continuous variation Example of a continuous variation
When individuals in a population vary within a range - no district categories
Height
What is a discontinuous variation and an example
Where there are distinct separate groups
- blood type
What does Meiosis result in
4 haploid gametes - genetically different
Define haploid cells
Contains half the number of chromosomes (23)
Define diploid cells
Full number of chromosomes produced (46)
What is the male chromosome presented as
XY
What is the female chromosome presented as
XX
What are dominant alleles represented with
Capital letter
What is a recessive allele repressed with
Lower case letter
What is artificial classification and what is a disadvantage
Observable features
-wings
-beak
Not seen as the most accurate way to classify organisms
What is natural classification
Common ancestors
What are the 7 kingdoms that divide organisms
- Kingdom
- Phylum
- class
- Order
- Family
- Genus
- species
Define Evolution
The change in inherited characteristics of a population over time, through the process of natural selection
What is natural selection
It acts on each population to increase the proportion of the advantageous phenotype in that population - “survival of the fittest”
What are sources of evidence for natural selection
Fossils - remains of plants and animals
Bacteria - can evolve and become antibiotic resistant
