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Biology - B4-B6 > B5 > Flashcards

B5 Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Genome

A

The entire genetic material in an organism

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2
Q

What is an allele

A

Different versions of the same gene

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3
Q

Define the term Genotype

A

Specific characteristics, BB, Bb, bb

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4
Q

Define phenotype

A

The characteristics the genotype presents , brown eyes , blue eyes

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5
Q

Heterozygous

A

Different genotype letter Bb

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6
Q

Homozygous

A

Same genotype letter , BB or bb

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7
Q

What is a continuous variation Example of a continuous variation

A

When individuals in a population vary within a range - no district categories
Height

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8
Q

What is a discontinuous variation and an example

A

Where there are distinct separate groups

- blood type

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9
Q

What does Meiosis result in

A

4 haploid gametes - genetically different

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10
Q

Define haploid cells

A

Contains half the number of chromosomes (23)

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11
Q

Define diploid cells

A

Full number of chromosomes produced (46)

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12
Q

What is the male chromosome presented as

A

XY

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13
Q

What is the female chromosome presented as

A

XX

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14
Q

What are dominant alleles represented with

A

Capital letter

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15
Q

What is a recessive allele repressed with

A

Lower case letter

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16
Q

What is artificial classification and what is a disadvantage

A

Observable features
-wings
-beak
Not seen as the most accurate way to classify organisms

17
Q

What is natural classification

A

Common ancestors

18
Q

What are the 7 kingdoms that divide organisms

A
  • Kingdom
  • Phylum
  • class
  • Order
  • Family
  • Genus
  • species
19
Q

Define Evolution

A

The change in inherited characteristics of a population over time, through the process of natural selection

20
Q

What is natural selection

A

It acts on each population to increase the proportion of the advantageous phenotype in that population - “survival of the fittest”

21
Q

What are sources of evidence for natural selection

A

Fossils - remains of plants and animals

Bacteria - can evolve and become antibiotic resistant

Biology - B4-B6 (2 decks)

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