B5 Flashcards
The human skeleton starts of as cartilage but becomes ____________ by the addition of _____________ & _____________.
Ossified by the addition of calcium and phosphorus.
What does the term ossified mean?
Turned into bone
Which muscles are antagonistic muscles in the arm?
Biceps and triceps
What are synovial joints?
Ball and socket joints and hinges
What type of circulation occurs in:
A humans
B fish
A double circulatory system
B single circulatory system
What controls the heart muscle contraction?
Pacemakers (Sino-atrial node, SAN) and (Atrioventricular node, AVN)
Supply of donors are limited due to what factors:
- Shortage of donors
- Tissue match
- Shape of organ
- age
What drugs can be used to control clotting of the blood?
- aspirin
- warfarin
- heparin
What causes agglutination?
A mismatch of blood groups
What happens to the blood in a heart with a hole in it?
Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood are mixed and so carry less oxygen
Where does gaseous exchange take place?
In the alveoli
What are symptoms of asthma?
- breathing difficulties
- a tight chest
- wheezing
What are the following broken down by?
A carbohydrates
B protein
C fats
A carbohydrase
B protease
C lipase
What is starch broken down into?
Maltose then to glucose
The stomach contents are __________ and the small intestine is __________.
A acidic
B alkaline
What is small digested food molecules absorbed into?
Blood plasma or lymph
Where is growth hormone produced in?
Pituitary gland
Which at hormones control the menstrual cycle?
Oestrogen, progesterone, FSH & LH
What is amniocentesis?
Extracting and testing cells in the amniotic fluid
What is chromosome analysis?
Using a blood test to test cells for any chromosome abnormalities
Follicle stimulating hormone
Stimulates an egg to develop in an ovary
Luteinising hormone
Controls ovulation (egg release)
Progesterone
Maintains uterus wall
Oestrogen
Repairs the uterus wall
After drinking a large quantity of water what happens to the amount of urine produced and the concentration?
The amount of urine increases and the concentration decreases
The anti diuretic hormone (ADH) controls what and how?
Concentration of urea and by increasing the permeability of kidney tubules so that more water is reabsorbed also by controlling ADH production by using negative feedback production
What is urea?
Excess and unwanted liquid waste and amino acid broken down in the liver
Where does the blood containing urea enter into the kidney?
Through the Renal artery
Blood without waste leaves through where?
Through the renal vein
Waste removed from the kidneys leaves through where?
Ureters (as urine)
Where does filtration take place?
In the nephrons
What does the human internal skeleton consist of?
Cartilage and bone, which can repair themselves
