B4.2 Flashcards
what is glucose made up of?
carbon
hydrogen and
oxygen atoms
how may glucose be used?
- chemicals for growth of plant cells (cellulose)
- starch for storage
- broken down during respiration
cell wall
plant cell
provides support
cell membrane
plant cell
allows gases and water to pass in and out of the cell freely whilst presenting a barrier to other chemicals
nucleus
plant cell
contains DNA which carries genetic code for making enzymes and other proteins used in photosynthesis
vacuole
plant cell
store waste materials
regulate water levels
cytoplasm
plant cell
where enzymes and other proteins are made
mitochondria
where respiration occurs
chloroplasts
plant cell
contain chlorophyll and enzymes for photosynthesis
nitrogen (in form of nitrates)
absorbed and used by plant cells to make proteins
what do substances do by diffusion?
move through cells
what is diffusion
the passive overall movement of molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower
what are minerals taken up by plant roots used to make?
some chemicals needed by cells
nitrogen from nitrates to make proteins
main method by which gases enter and leave the plant
diffusion
diffusion- carbon dioxide and oxygen
gases such as carbon dioxide and oxygen exchange between the leaf and its surrounding air through stomata (small holes on the underside of a leaf)
what is osmosis
a specific case of diffusion
the overall movement of water from a dilute to a more concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane
what occurs by osmosis?
the movement of water into plant roots
active transport
the overall movement of chemicals across a cell membrane requiring energy released by respiration
what is active transport used in?
the absorption of nitrates from plant roots
limiting rate of photosynthesis
temperature
too low-stops until rises
too high- enzymes stop working permanently
limiting rate
carbon dioxide concentration
as it increases so does rate of photosynthesis
limiting rate
light intensity
greater availability quicker it will take place
light meter
measure amounts of light hitting a leaf
data loggers can be fit with one and readings taken over time
light measured in what?
lux
quadrat
square shape
placed randomly on sections of area in question and plants that fall in it are counted
identification key
rapid identification by asking questions
transect
line is drawn and quadrat is placed at set intervals along it and plants are counted
gives a picture of changes in plant life over line of the transect
