B4.074 Myocardial Infarction Flashcards
normal troponin level
less than 0.01 ng/mL
what does troponin elevation indicate
injury to myocardium
level of rise and duration of sustained rise correlate with amount of myocardial involvement
reasons for high troponin
AMI viral myocarditis inflamm myocarditis defibrillation sustained tachycardia high speed chest trauma
lateral MI leads
I, aVL, V5, V6
inferior MI leads
II, III, aVF
septal MI leads
V1, V2
anterior MI leads
V3, V4
MONABASH
M- morphine for pain O- oxygen N- nitroglycerin IV for pain A- aspirin to reduce clotting B- B blocker to slow HR A- ACEI S- statin H- heparin
what factors contribute to decision on what to do for immediate intervention?
candidacy for TPA tolerance of antiplatelets number of critical lesions number of vessels involved clinical stability
CAD risk factors
diabetes smoking HTN hyperlipidemia fam history male gender
what is angina
chest pain or discomfort due to CAD
chronic stable angina
brought on by exertion and resolving with rest or nitro
less than 15 min
angina associated with MI
does not improve with rest
does not resolve with nitro
lasts more than 15 min
GI symptoms in MI
classic for inferior AMI
left arm pain in MI
lateral involvement of AMI
benefit of B blockers in AMI care
decreases myocardial O2 demand
prevents catecholamine induced arrhythmias
reduced mortality
origin of hypercalcemia
most common life threatening disorder associated with cancer
10-20% of cancer patients
malignant cells release factors that cause Ca release from bones
symptoms of hypercalcemia
muscle weakness tiredness confusion unstable gait constipation decreased appetite increased urination bone pain
effect of hypercalcemia on someone with normal K levels
decrease Na+ current and decrease excitability by shifting Na+ activation curve to more positive threshold
