B4.017 Prework 1 Labeling an Abnormal Rhythm Flashcards

1
Q

what is a conduction block

A

delay in normal propagation of depolarizing myocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

normal atrial conduction velocity

A

PR interval
time between start of SA node and AV node firing, this occurs due to a “pause” effect of the AV node
time = 0.2 s, 200 mS, 5 small boxes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

normal ventricular depolarization velocity

A

QRS interval
time to depolarize all of the ventricular myocardium
time = 0.12s, 120 mS, 3 small boxes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

normal ventricular repolarization velocity

A

QT interval
time to repolarize all of the ventricular myocardium
time = 0.44 s, should shorten with tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

features of a 1st degree AV block

A

regular rate and rhythm, doesn’t change over the course of the strip
long PR segment (more than 5 small boxes)
can be caused by antiarrhythmics or ischemic heart disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

features of 2nd degree AV block: Mobitz type 1

A

PR interval progressively longer, followed by a nonconducting P wave (not followed by a QRS)
low grade
treated medically
usually no worsening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

features of 2nd degree AV block: Mobitz type 2

A

consistent PR intervals, followed by a nonconducting P wave
can advance to unstable rhythm
can lead to heart failure
pacemaker candidate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

features of a “complete” or 3rd degree AV block

A

dissociation between electrical activity of atria and ventricles
both regular, but not in relation with one another
unstable conduction block
need pacemaker
can cause bradycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

asystole

A

no electrical activity
check leads
check gain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

some causes of sinus tachycardia

A
anemia
anxiety
infection
exercise
hypoxemia
etc
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are supraventricular tachycardias?

A

originate above the AV node

-narrow QRS, so you know they don’t originate in ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

features of atrial flutter

A

cyclical depolarization wave in atria

sawtooth baseline pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

features of atrial fibrillation

A

more common than atrial flutter
irregularly irregular R-R interval (pulse)
increases incidence of thromboembolic stroke
require blood thinner therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

if you can’t determine the cause of a supraventricular tachycardia, how can you possibly get more clues?

A

give adenosine
slows conduction through AV node
helps you get a better look at the rhythm on ECG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

features of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia

A

QRS wider than 120 mS

  • depolarization wave through ventricle moves outside of the normal His/Purkinje system of conductance
  • originated in ventricle, likely from the same place since all regular and look the same
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

features of polymorphic ventricular tachycardias

A

QRS variable shapes and sizes

17
Q

features of ventricular fibrillation

A

nonperfusing rhythm
cardiac collapse
no pulse

18
Q

features of torsades de Pointes

A

twists around 3D plane
can be caused by meds that prolong QT interval
can degrade into v-fib or asystole