B4.014 - Adverse Drug Reactions Flip Week 2 Flashcards
symptoms of acetaminophen poisoning
hepatic necrosis early - anorexia, nausea, vomiting 24-48 hrs: elevated PT, INR increased transaminase levels 48hr-7days: increased intracranial pressure, encephalopathy, coma, MOF
acetaminophen OD treatment
NAC acetylcysteine (8-12 hrs) adjust dose w nomogram
what is a rumack matthew nomogram
table that tells you how to dose adjust based on plasma levels of acetaminophen
symptoms of salicylate OD
Tinnitus metabolic acidosis hyperpyrexia coma convulsions respiratory failure
salicylate OD treatment
sodium bicarbonate to alkalize the urine to promote excretion and help counteract acidosis
sympathomimetics (cocain, amphetamines) OD symptoms
ventricular tachycardia, fibrillation
hypertension
seizures
mydriasis
sympathomimetics OD treatment
beta blockers contraindicated remember ABCs activated charcoal diazepam for seizures fluids
opioid OD symptoms
the opioid triad
- unconciousness
- miosis
- slow, shallow resiration
opioid OD treatment
naloxone (natrexone) is opioid antagonist
tricyclic andidepressant (amitryptiline) OD symptoms
blockade of myocardial fast sodium channels (prolonged QRS, tall R)
anticholinergic effects
tricyclic antidepressant OD treatments
sodium bicarbonate
magnesium in severe cases
beta blockers OD symptoms
cardiac disturbances (first degree heart block, hypotension, bradycardia, AV block) CNS toxicity
beta blocker OD treatment
glucagon
sodium bicarbonate
how do you treat torsade de pointes polymorphous ventricular tachycardia associated with QT prolongation from sotalol poisoning
isoproterenol infusion
magnesium
serotonin syndrome signs
from SSRIs in combo with MAOIs, TCAs, ampthetamines, opioids,
altered mental status, fever, agitation, myoclonus, hyperreflexia
serotonin syndrome treatment
cyproheptadine
propranolol
dantrolene
