B4 Transportation Flashcards
Double Circulatory system
The majority of mammals, including humans utilize a double circulatory system. This means there are two loops in our body in which blood circulates, one is oxygenated and the other is deoxygenated.
What do platelets do?
Help blood clot at the site of a wound, blood clotting is a series if enzyme-controlled reactions that result in converting fibrinogen into fibre.
What are platelets?
Small fragments of cells with no nucleus
What do white blood cells do?
White blood cells form antibodies against microorganisms, some form antitoxins againts poisons and others engulf and digest invading bacteria and viruses.
What are white blood cells?
Much bigger than red blood cells but fewer of them.
They have a nucleus and form part of the body’s defence system against harmful microorganisms.
Properties of red blood cells…
They are packed with a red pigment called haemoglobin that binds to oxygen
They have no nucleus, making space for haemoglobin.
What do red blood cells look like?
Biconcave discs, being (pushed in) on both sides gives them an increased surface area to volume ratio for diffusion.
What do red blood cells do?
Pick up oxygen from the air in your lungs and carry it to cells where it is needed.
What is in Blood plasma?
Small,soluble products of digestion pass into the plasma from your small intestine and are transported into individual cells.
What does Blood Plasma do?
Transports all of your blood cells and other substances around your body.
What is Blood plasma?
A yellowish coloured liquid component of bloo that normally holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension.
Properties of Arteries
Small lumen, thick layers of muscles and elastic tissues; and thick walls
What do Arteries do?
Carry blood FROM the heart to the body
Properties of veins
Relatively thin walls and tissue layer but large lumen
Properties of Capillaries
Very thin walls, one cell thick, tiny vessels with narrow lumen
