B4 Organising animals and plants Flashcards
what is plasma?
liquid that contains red blood cells, white blood cells m platelets and transport proteins
what other substances can plasma transport around your body?
waste carbon dioxide, Urea , small soluble substances
what do red blood cells do?
contains haemoglobin that binds to oxygen so oxygen can be transported around the body
what do white blood cells do?
your bodies self defence system
what are the 2 types of white blood cells?
Lymphocytes which produce antibodies and phagocytes that engulf and digest invading bacteria and viruses
what make up the circulatory system?
blood , blood and the heart
what do platelets do?
cell fragments that clot the wound
what are the main types of blood vessels ?
veins, arteries and capillaries
what do valves do?
prevent back flow of the blood
what type of circulatory system do humans have ?
double circulatory system
what do arteries do?
carry blood away from your heart, usually oxygenated
what do veins do?
carry blood towards heart away from organs , usually low oxygen blood
what so capillaries do?
huge network of tiny vessels that link the veins and arteries
what are stents?
metal mesh inflated inside of your artery to stop them from closing
what are statins?
drugs that reduce cholesterol levels in the blood reducing risk of coronary heart disease
process of breathing in?
- ribs move up and out and diaphragm flattens, the volume of the chest increases
- increased volume means lower pressure in chest
- atmospheric pressure is higher than air inside the chest so air is drawn in.
process of breathing out?
- ribs fall and diaphragm moves up , the volume of the chest decreases
- decrease in volume means increased pressure in the chest
- pressure in the chest is higher than atmospheric pressure so air rushes out.
how are alveoli adapted for their role?
large surface area, rich supply of capillaries , gas can diffuse efficiently as a result
what phloem do?
transports dissolved sugars from leaves to rest of plant
what does xylem do?
transports water and minerals ions from root to rest of plant`
whats transpiration?
loss of water vapour from the surface of plant leaves
what parts of the plant control gas exchange and water loss?
stomata and guard cells
what factors affect transpiration ?
factors that affect photosynthesis , temperature, humidity, air flow, light intensity
