B4 Blood, Blood Vessels & The Heart 🩸♥️

Question 1

What is the Aorta?

Answer 1

The artery that leaves the heart from the left ventricle and carries oxygenated blood to the body

Question 2

What are arteries?

Answer 2

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.
- Usually carrying oxygenated blood and have a pulse

Question 3

What are the Atria?

Answer 3

The upper chambers of the heart

Question 4

What are capillaries?

Answer 4

The smallest blood vessels. They run between individual cells and have a wall that is only one cell thick

Question 5

What are coronary arteries?

Answer 5

The blood vessels that supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle

Question 6

What is the double circulatory system

Answer 6

The circulation of blood from the heart to the lungs and is separate from the circulation of blood from the heart to the rest of the body

Question 7

What is an Epidermal?

Answer 7

The name given to cells that make up the epidermis or outer layer of an organism

Question 8

What is haemoglobin?

Answer 8

The red pigment that carries oxygen around the body in red blood cells

Question 9

What is plasma?

Answer 9

The clear yellow-liquid part of the blood that carries dissolved substances and blood cells around the body

Question 10

What are platelets?

Answer 10

Fragments of cells in the blood that play a vital role in the clotting mechanism of the blood

Question 11

What is the pulmonary artery?

Answer 11

The large blood vessel that takes DEOXYGENATED blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs

Question 12

What is the pulmonary vein?

Answer 12

The large blood vessel that carries OXYGENATED blood from the lungs back to the left atrium of the heart

Question 13

What are red blood cells?

Answer 13

Biconcave cells that contain the red pigment haemoglobin and carry oxygen around the body in the blood

Question 14

What are statins?

Answer 14

Medically prescribed drugs that can reduce the amount of LDL (bad) cholesterol present in the bloodstream

Question 15

What is a stent?

Answer 15

A metal mesh placed in a blocked or partially blocked artery. They are used to open up the blood vessel to allow smooth blood flow

Question 16

What is urea?

Answer 16

The waste product formed by the breakdown of excess amino acids in the liver

Question 17

What are veins?

Answer 17

Blood vessels that carry blood TO the heart. They usually carry deoxygenated blood and have valves to prevent the backflow of blood

Question 18

What is the vena cava?

Answer 18

The large vein that brings deoxygenated blood from the body into the heart

Question 19

What are ventricles?

Answer 19

Chambers of the heart that contract to force blood out of the heart

Question 20

What are white blood cells?

Answer 20

Blood cells involved in the immune system of the body

Question 21

What is the function of the circulatory system?

Answer 21

• To transport oxygen and nutrients around the body

Question 22

What is the name of a SINGLE Atria?

Answer 22

Atrium

Question 23

What is the name of a SINGLE ventricles?

Answer 23

Ventricle

Question 24

What is the function of the valves?

Answer 24

To prevent backflow of blood

Question 25

Where does blood flow into the heart?

Answer 25

Vena cava and Pulmonary Vein

Question 26

Where has blood from the pulmonary vein come from?

Answer 26

The lungs meaning the blood is OXYGENATED

Question 27

What has blood from the vena cava come from?

Answer 27

From the loop around the body meaning the blood is DEOXYGENATED

Question 28

What happens when both ATRIA contract?

Answer 28

Pushes blood into the ventricles

Question 29

What happens when ventricles contract?

Answer 29

Blood is push immediately out into the pulmonary artery (to the lungs) and Aorta which the blood travels to the rest of the body

Question 30

Where are pacemaker cells located in the heart?

Answer 30

Right Atrium

Question 31

What does the natural pacemaker do?

Answer 31

Produce small electrical impulses which spread to the muscular walls of the heart causing the to contract (beat)

Question 32

What pressure do ARTERIES carry blood at and how is it adapted to do so?

Answer 32

High pressure- to withstand this they have muscle and elastic tissue

Question 33

What is a Lumen?

Answer 33

Hold or space in the middle of a vessel

Question 34

Capillaries are really small what do they do?

Answer 34

- To exchange substances with cells giving them nutrients + oxygen - They also take away waste products like CO2

Question 35

What are some adaptations of capillaries?

Answer 35

- Walls only one cell thick - Permeable walls (meaning substances can easily diffuse through capillaries) - low blood pressure meaning blood flows slowly

Question 36

What is the job of veins?

Answer 36

- Transport blood back to the heart

Question 37

What are the adaptations of veins?

Answer 37

- low blood pressure - valves to prevent back flow

Question 38

How do you calculate the rate of blood flow?

Answer 38

Blood amount (ml) / time (min) = rate of blood flow (ml/min)

Question 39

What is coronary heart disease?

Answer 39

- CHD is when the coronary arteries that supply blood to the muscle of the heart gets blocked by layers of fatty material building up