B4: Bioenergetics Flashcards
What is the word and symbol equation for photosynthesis?
Water + carbon dioxide -> glucose + oxygen
6H2O + 6CO2 -> C6H12O6 +6O2
Sunlight needed (endothermic)
What is glucose produced from photosynthesis used for?
- Respiration
- Making starch/fat to store energy
- Making cellulose
- Making amino acids for proteins
What can affect the rate of photosynthesis?
- Temperature
- Light intensity
- CO2 concentration
What is the practical for testing for a limiting factor?
- Cut pondweed stem, put in inverted measuring cylinder filled with water (add sodium hydrogen carbonate to provide CO2)
- Measure distance from light source
- Let acclimate first, then measure volume of oxygen made in e.g. 1 minute (or count bubbles)
- Repeat at different distances from light source
What is the inverse square law?
Distance x 2 = light intensity / 4
Where does respiration take place?
In the mitochondria
What does respiration provide energy for?
- Chemical reactions
- Warmth
- Movement
What is the word and symbol equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen -> water + carbon dioxide
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6H2O + 6CO2
What happens to breathing rate and heart rate during exercise, why?
Increase
To increase blood flow to supply more oxygen & glucose to enable muscles to contract
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?
Glucose -> Lactic acid
How does the body get rid of lactic acid?
Broken back down into glucose by the liver using oxygen
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants?
Glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide
aka fermentation
What is the definition of metabolism?
The sum of all reactions in a cell/organism
What are excess proteins broken down into?
Urea
