B4: additional connective elements

Question 1

bone

Answer 1

living tissue that is vascular and innervated. protection of tissues, support of movement, storage of fat, and production of RBCs.

Question 2

diaphysis

Answer 2

cylindrical shaft of long bones

Question 3

epiphyses

Answer 3

wider ends of long bone

Question 4

spongy bone

Answer 4

makes up epiphyses. contains red bone marrow

Question 5

red bone marrow

Answer 5

found in spongy bone. site of hematopoiesis (RBC development)

Question 6

yellow bone marrow

Answer 6

found in cavity of diaphysis. stores adipose (fat)

Question 7

osteons

Answer 7

units of bone structure that are interwoven with systems of canals

Question 8

Haversian canals

Answer 8

run through the center of each osteon, along the length of the bone

Question 9

lamellae

Answer 9

concentric rings of bone matrix surrounding each Haversian canal

Question 10

Volkmann’s canals

Answer 10

perpendicular connection between Haversian canals. contain blood vessels and nerve endings

Question 11

lacunae

Answer 11

spaces between lamellae. store osteocytes

Question 12

osteocytes

Answer 12

mature bone cells

Question 13

osteoclasts

Answer 13

resorb bone matrix and release materials back into the blood

Question 14

osteoblasts

Answer 14

reform and grow bones

Question 15

calcitonin

Answer 15

secreted by the thyroid gland. stimulates osteoblasts to build bone when blood Ca2+ levels are too high

Question 16

parathyroid hormone

Answer 16

secreted by parathyroid glands. stimulates osteoclasts to consume bone and release Ca2+ into bloodstream when levels are too low

Question 17

tendons

Answer 17

connect muscles to bones

Question 18

ligaments

Answer 18

connect bone to bone

Question 19

collagen

Answer 19

strong, flexible connective tissue

Question 20

cartilage

Answer 20

composed of chondrin (collagen matrix).