B4 Flashcards
5 Components of an Information System
- hardware
- software
- people
- network
- data
Data vs. Information
- data is raw facts
* information is processed data that is useful for decision making
Four Primary Roles in Business Operations
- process detailed data
- provide information used for making daily decisions
- provide information for developing business strategies
- take orders from customers
What is the first step in a business processing transaction?
capture the data
Data Capture Techniques
*manual entries vs. source data automation
Data Accuracy =
GIGO
What is the Accounting Information System?
- it is first and foremost a Management Information System
* it creates an audit trail for accounting transactions
How are entries recorded?
*they are first recorded onto the general journal and then are summarized on the various ledgers
Coding Types
- Sequence Code (101, 102, 103)
- Block Codes (1xx, 2xx, etc.)
- Group Codes (each number stands for something)
Entity
subject of the stored information
Attributes
specific item of interest for each entity
Field
contains a single piece of information (attribute) of the entity
Record
all attributes about a single instance of an entity
Data Value
contents of fields
File
records are grouped into files
Master File
cumulative information and information that is relatively permanent
Transaction File
similar to a journal, the transaction file stores individual transactions
Database
files that are INTERRELATED AND COORDINATED
Data Processing
Addition - new record
Updating - revisions to a master file
Deletion - removal of records from a database
Methods for Data Processing
- batch processing
2. online real-time processing (OLRT)
Information Output Types
- Documents (checks, purchase orders, etc.)
- Reports (internal or external periodicals)
- Query (request for specific data
Benefit of Batch Processing
*can compare manual and computer-generated batch control total
Centralized vs. Decentralized Processing
- centralized has enhanced data security and consistent processing
- bottlenecks, high costs, reduction in local accountability, increased vulnerability
Periodic Scheduled Report
*made available on a regular basis to end users of the system