B4) 1848 Election, Cali & n mex Flashcards
who were the presidential candidates in the 1848 election?
WHIG- Zachary Taylor/ Winifield Scott/ Henry Clay—-> ZACHARY TAYLOR
DEMOCRAT- James Buchanan/ Lewis Cass—-> LEWIS CASS (back behind pop sov)
FREE SOIL PARTY- MARTIN VAN BUREN (former pres)
who was in the free soil party c.1848?
- mainly Ns:
- anti-sl barnburner Democrats
- ‘conscience’ whigs
- Liberty party supps
who led the free soil party c.1848 & what was its view/ purpose?
- Salmon Chase & John Hale
- against the expansion of sl in western terr & against HOMESTEAD LAW, internal improvements & tariffs for revenue only
why did northerners vote for taylor in 1848?
- anti-sl expansion- Taylor has allied w SEWARD (ab)
- Taylor= war hero- counts for a lot, good rep & experience
- attractive candidate- likely towin in the N & S
why did southerners vote for taylor in 1848?
- he is a southerner & a slave owner
- war hero- the war was of democratic southern interest/ this also appealed to s ideals
- not necessarily voting for a whig but for a southerner
why did northerners vote for Cass in 1848?
- pop sov is nice and vague & allows ppl not to deal w the issue of sl
- cass is from michigan (N)
why did southerners vote for cass in 1848?
- ppl who paid more attention to taylor’s views on sl might have felt more confident voting for cass
- cass has a platform of pop sov
what effect did free soilers have on 1848 election?
- took votes away from other Ps
- as bring up issues other Ps ignore (sl)
- they won 10% of votes
- 2PSystem
when was gold found in cali?
- jan 1848, james w marshall found gold in coloma, cali
- ppl start to flok there- first from oregon, hawaii, latin aerica
how many ppl migrated to cali in the gold rush and from where ish?
- 300,000
- from US, Eu, Asia (China), Australia
- 1/2 arrived by sea
- 1/2 by east over land on california trail
- 1000s of MORMONS around SALT LAKE CITY (n mex) under US jurisdiction
wat was the nickname for ppl who went to cali in gold-rush?
- gold seekers= FORTY-NINES (most went in 1849)
how did ppl find more gold in cali?
- recovered from streams & river beds
- picked off ground
- sophiscicated methods of extraction developed- tech improved, but need fi funding
- $550million worth found in cali
how did cali grow/ indutrialise?
- SAN FRANSICO- (bay was v desirable to polk/ dems before gained)
- ^ became a boomtown- 36,000 ppl there by 1852
- roads, churches, towns built across cali
- 100,000 ppl there- more than enough for statehood
when did cali seek admission to the union?
- 1849; prob of sl; had been illegal in mex owned areas pre-1848
what did taylor do in response to cali’s app for statehood in 1849?
- crit for over-simplifying issues & judged as an amateur
- quick solution- reduce sectional strife (he hoped)
- encouraged settlers in cali & n mex to frame constitutions & apply immediately for admission w/o first going through process of established territorial govs
- ^ he was sure ppl in both states would v for free state constitutions
- so urged for immediate admission of cali n mex when as soon as its ready
what were taylor’s views on slavery c.1849?
- had no wish to see sl abolished & believed it would be best protected if Ss refrained from rekindling the sl issue in the terrs
what type of const did cali eventually apply w in 1849?
- despite added tension & talks of secession, cali proposed const PROHIBITING sl & applied to union
- taylor now wants to admit n mex too but not enough pop for statehood + a boundary dispute w texas; clash between tex state forces & US army now likely
- n- supp n mex (+ taylor)
- s- supp tex’s claim
what were southerners opinions after 1849 cali const?
- felt excluded from terr gained by war THEY mainly fought in
- appreciated land inhospitable for slaves
- felt needed compensation before admitted to union
what happened in oct 1849?
- mississipi called all slave states to send representatives to Nshville in june 1850 to adopt resistance to N aggression
what devisions were in congress 1849?
- dec 1849
- fist fights of congressmen
- fierce debates over expanding sl
- south raised issue of fugitive sl
- many n states fighting fugitive act 1793; meant can recover runaway slaves
- but n passed personal liberty laws to protect runaway slaves
- n- objected to sl allowed in washington
