B3B- Proteins And Mutations Flashcards
What is insulin?
This is a hormone used to control blood glucose levels.
What is haemoglobin?
It is used to carry oxygen around the body.
What is a mutation?
When genes code for proteins and sometimes that gene can change.
What can mutations in genes cause?
Mutations to genes can cause the shape of protein to change so it can no longer do its job in the cell.
What are enzymes?
They are proteins and can control many activities in the body like digestion.
What can cause gene radiation?
Radiation and chemicals such as tar in cigarettes.
What is the active site of an enzyme?
Part of an enzyme is called the active site.the substrate molecules fit into the active site when a reaction takes place.
Explain how enzymes work
Each enzyme has a unique sequence of amino acids.This results in each enzyme having a different shape.within this shape is a structure called an active site. Only one type of substrate can fit into the active site making it specific to a reaction. Once the substrate is attached to the active site it is turned into a product. (Lock and key theory)
What is it called when an enzyme changes and can no longer catalyse a reaction ?
The enzyme has become denatured
How can an enzyme be denatured?
By extremes of pH and high temperatures.
How do you calculate the temperature coefficient or Q10?
Rate at higher temperature
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Rate at lower temperature
What is collagen ?
This is a protein which can be found in the walls of arteries. It makes the walls stronger.
