B3 The Digestive System Flashcards
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
To break down food into nutrients that the body can absorb.
True or False: The mouth is the first part of the digestive system.
True
Fill in the blank: The process of chewing food is called __________.
mastication
What enzyme in saliva begins the digestion of carbohydrates?
Amylase
What is the role of the esophagus in the digestive system?
To transport food from the mouth to the stomach.
Multiple choice: Which organ produces bile?
Liver
What is the function of the stomach in digestion?
To break down food using acids and enzymes.
True or False: The small intestine is where most nutrient absorption occurs.
True
What are the three parts of the small intestine?
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
Fill in the blank: The __________ is responsible for water absorption and the formation of feces.
large intestine
What is the role of the pancreas in the digestive system?
To produce digestive enzymes and bicarbonate.
Multiple choice: Which part of the digestive system is primarily involved in the absorption of nutrients?
Small intestine
What is the term for the wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract?
Peristalsis
True or False: The gallbladder stores bile produced by the liver.
True
What is the main function of the rectum?
To store feces before excretion.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is a muscular valve that controls the passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine.
pyloric sphincter
What is the function of villi in the small intestine?
To increase the surface area for absorption.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a part of the digestive system?
Kidney
What role do probiotics play in the digestive system?
They help maintain a healthy gut microbiome.
True or False: Fiber is important for digestive health.
True
What is the term for the breakdown of food into smaller components?
Digestion
Fill in the blank: The __________ helps in the emulsification of fats.
bile
What is the primary purpose of gastric acid?
To kill bacteria and aid in digestion.
Multiple choice: Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea?
Epiglottis
What is the role of digestive enzymes?
To break down macromolecules into smaller molecules.
True or False: The liver detoxifies substances in the body.
True
What is the final stage of digestion?
Excretion of waste products.
What are the three main types of food molecules?
Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
True or False: Proteins are made up of amino acids.
True.
Fill in the blank: The main function of carbohydrates in the body is to provide ______.
energy.
Which food molecule is primarily responsible for storing energy?
Lipids.
What are the building blocks of proteins called?
Amino acids.
