B3 Movement into and out of cells

Question 1

What is diffusion?

Answer 1

Net movement of particles from a higher concentration to a lower concentration as a result of their random movement.

Question 2

Diffusion is up or down a concentration gradient?

Answer 2

Down

Question 3

Where does diffusion happen in the body?Example?

Answer 3

• Diffusion happens when particles enter and leaves the cells
  Oxygen and glucose diffuse into cells from the blood

Question 4

What are the waste products made from chemical reactions that happens in the cell?

Answer 4

Carbon dioxide and Urea

Question 5

What happens to the waste products from chemical reactions?

Answer 5

They diffuse out of cells

Question 6

What 4 factors affect the rate of diffusion?

Answer 6

Diffusion distance
Concentration gradient
Surface area
Temperature

Question 7

Faster the diffusion if the distance is…

Answer 7

Shorter

Question 8

Faster the diffusion is the concentration gradient is

Answer 8

Steeper/Greater

Question 9

Faster the diffusion if the surface area is

Answer 9

Greater

Question 10

Faster the diffusion if the temperature is..

Answer 10

Higher

Question 11

What is Osmosis?

Answer 11

Movement of water from a higher water potential to a lower potential across a partially permeable membrane

Question 12

Semi- permeable membrane means…

Answer 12

that it will only let some molecules pass

Question 13

When plant cells take up water by osmosis they become…

Answer 13

turgid or firm

Question 14

What do you call when the pressure increase in the plant cell by water?

Answer 14

Turgor pressure

Question 15

What is helpful for plants being turgid?

Answer 15

Being turgid supports the plants

Question 16

When plant cells lose water by osmosis…

Answer 16

they become soft or flaccid

Question 17

What happens to plants that are flaccid?

Answer 17

They wilt

Question 18

What do you call the cell that it’s contents had collapse away from the cell wall?

Answer 18

Plasmolysed cell

Question 19

What do you call when animal cells burst due to osmosis?

Answer 19

Lysis

Question 20

What do you call the animal cell that has lost water by osmosis?

Answer 20

Crenated cell/ Shriveled cell
They have been crinkled

Question 21

What is active transport?

Answer 21

Movement of substances from an area of lower to higher concentration. Particles move against the concentration gradient with energy.

Question 22

What is need in active transport so substances go across the membrane?

Answer 22

Carrier proteins

Question 23

How is energy transferred to the carrier protein?

Answer 23

From the breakdown of ATP

Question 24

What does the carrier proteins do to transport the substances?

Answer 24

Changes shape or rotates

Question 25

What part of the cell produces ATP?

Answer 25

mitochondria