B2 Cells Flashcards
B2.1 Cell structure, B2.2 Size of specimens
What are the organisms made up of many millions of cells called?
Multicellular organisms
What are unicellular organisms?
Organisms made up of just a single cell
What is magnifying?
Making very small things look bigger to see them.
What is used to look at very small things?
Microscopes
What are the parts of the microscope? (light microscope)
Eyepiece lens, objective lens, stage, light, coarse focus, fine focus and specimen
What is the formula for working out the magnification from the microscope?
Magnification of eyepiece lens × Magnification of objective lens
What are the things that are in a plant cell but not in an animal cell?
Vacuole, Chloroplasts and Cell wall
What are the two things visible in the electron microscope and not in a light microscope?
Mitochondrion and Ribosomes
Where are proteins made?
Ribosomes
What are Mitochondria for?
Respiration
Which part of the cell contains genetic information in chromosomes?
Nucleus
Which part of the cell is full of cell sap and helps it to be rigid?
Vacuole
Which part of the cell contains organelles for chemical reaction?
Cytoplasm
Which part of the cell contains receptor molecules?
Cell membrane
What is a specimen?
The thing that is being looked at with a microscope
What is the glass called where the specimen is placed?
Slide
What is stain? And what is the purpose of it?
A liquid that helps to see cells easily and to see cell organelles more clearly as cells are colorless.
What is the thin glass placed on top of a specimen?
coverslip
What are 3 reasons of using a coverslip?
- To flatten the specimen
- To hold the specimen in place
- To stop the specimen drying out
Which stain is used for the cell wall of bacteria?
crystal violet
Which stain is used for animal cells?
Methylene blue
Which stain is used for plant cells?
Iodine
What are the difference between a bacterial cell and animal/plant cells?
They are much smaller and simpler
They do not have Nucleus
What is binary fission? What are the 2 stages?
It is how bacteria reproduce
The 2 stages are
- Cell contents double
- Cell division by binary fission
What are the things that are not in bacterial cell but in animal or plant cell?
Nucleus, Chloroplasts, Permanent vacuole and Mitochondria
What are cells?
Basic unit of life
What are Tissues?
group of similar cells working together
What is an organ?
Is a group of tissues working together to do a job
What is an organ system?
group of organs working together to do a job
What is an organism?
group of organ systems working together to do a job
What is the cell wall for bacterial cells made of?
Peptidoglycan
What are the things that bacterial cells have but not plant or animal cell?
Circular DNA and plasmids
What is the shape of the red blood cell? Why?
Bi-concave disc shape
Because it increases surface area over which absorption of oxygen can occur
What is Cilia?
It is the hair-like structure which moves mucus and traps particles
What is the shape of the palisade cell?Why?
Column shaped to absorb a lot of sunlight and to fit lots in upper epidermis
Why do root hair cells have thin walls?
So water moves through quickly
What does the Acrosome in the head of the sperm contain? Why?
Digestive enzymes to penetrate an egg
