B3 Heart and blood vessels Flashcards
Give the function of the heart
An organ that pumps around the body
Name the chamber labelled A
Right atrium
What is the purpose of the circulatory system?
Carriers oxygen and other useful substances to bodily tissues
and removes waste substances
Name the blood vessel labelled A
Vena cava
How does a double circulation system work?
Right side of heart pumps blood to lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
Left side of heart pumps blood to the rest of the body
Name the top chambers in the heart
Left and right atrium
Name the bottom chambers in the heart
Left and right ventricle
Where does blood pumped by the right ventricle go?
Lungs
Where does the blood pumped by the left side of the heart go?
Body tissues
Which side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?
Right
Name the chamber labelled B
Left atrium
Where does the left side of the heart pump blood to?
Rest of the body
Name the blood vessel that delivers deoxygenated blood to the right atrium
Vena cava
Why is the wall of the left ventricle thicker than the right ventricle?
Has to pump blood at higher pressure around the whole body.
Name the chamber labelled C
Right ventricle
What is the purpose of the heart valves?
Prevent the back flow of blood
What is the role of the coronary arteries?
Supply the heart muscle with oxygen and glucose
Name the blood vessel labelled B
Aorta
Name the chamber labelled D
Left ventricle
Name the structures labelled A
Valves
Name the blood vessel labelled C
Pulmonary vein
Blood flowing along the pulmonary artery is going to …?
Lungs
Name the blood vessel that brings blood from the lungs to the left atrium
Pulmonary vein
Name the blood vessel that takes blood away from the left ventricle
Aorta
Name the blood vessel labelled D
Pulmonary artery
Describe the flow of blood through the right side of the heart
Blood enters atrium via the vena cava
Atrium contracts
Blood forced through the heart valve into the ventricle
Ventricle contracts
Blood is forced into the pulmonary artery and sent to the lungs
What is the approximate value of a resting heart rate?
60-70 beats per minute
Where in the heart is the natural pacemaker?
Wall of the right atrium
How can an abnormal heart rhythm be treated?
Artificial pacemaker which send out electrical signals
to correct the hearts rhythm
Name the three types of blood vessel
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins
How are the arteries adapted for their function?
Function - carry blood away from the heart
Adaptions
Thick wall to withstand the high pressure
Lots of muscle tissue - to add strength and allow wall to recoil
Lots of elastic tissue - allows artery to stretch and recoil
How are veins adapted for their function?
Function- carry blood towards the heart
Adaptations
Wide lumen to reduce pressure
Valves to prevent backflow of blood
How are capillaries adapted for their function?
Function - deliver glucose and oxygen to the tissues, remove carbon dioxide and urea from the cells
Adaptations
Walls one cell thick - short diffusion distance
Permeable walls - substances can get out and into the blood
Narrow lumen - blood moves slowly to give more time for diffusion
Name the blood vessel labelled
