B5 Non communicable disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is a non-communicable disease?

A

A disease that is not infectious and cannot be transferred from person to person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is meant by the term risk factor?

A

A risk factor increases the chance of getting a disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name three risk factors for cardiovascular disease

A

Poor diet
Increased smoking
Lack of exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which organs are damaged by alcohol?

A

Liver
Brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name a disease that obesity is a risk factor for

A

Type 2 diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name a risk factor for lung disease and lung cancer

A

Smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Give an example of a carcinogen and what effect can this have on the body/

A

Ionising radiation
Risk factor for cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Smoking and the use of alcohol can have an effect on unborn babies.

True or false

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Give a description of cancer

A

Changes to cells leads to uncontrolled growth and division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a benign tumour?

A

Growth of abnormal cells

Contained in one area usually within a membrane

Benign tumours do not invade other parts of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a malignant tumour?

A

Cancer

Malignant cells invade neighbouring tissues

Spread to different parts of the body in the blood

Form secondary tumours.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What damage does alcohol cause?

A

Cirrhosis of the liver
Liver cancer
Brain damage
Damages unborn babies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define health

A

State of physical and mental well-being

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

List the factors that have a profound effec ton physical and mental health

A

Diet

Stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is a person with HIV more likley to suffer from infectious diseases?

A

HIV destroys white blood cells

White blood cells protect the body

Loss of white blood cells means body cannot produce antitoixisn or antibodies

Cells can be damaged or killed by the pathogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Severe physical ill health can lead to …..

A

depression and other mental illnesses

17
Q

Give an example of an allergy

A

Skin rashes

Asthma

18
Q

What can cause an allergy/

A

Initial immune responseto a pathogen

19
Q

Give two factors that can affect unborn babies

A

Smoking

Alcohol

20
Q

How can cardiovascualr disease be treated?

A
21
Q

Name a drug used to treat cardiovascular disease

A

Statin

22
Q

What causes the reduction in blood flow in conronary heart disease?

A
23
Q

Why does coronary heart disease lead to the death of heart cells?

A

Coronary arteries narrowed by fatty material

Less blood flow to heart cells

Less oxygen delivered to he herart cells.

Heart cells die

24
Q

How do statins reduce the effects of conronary heart disease?

A

Statins reduce blood cholesterol

Reduces the build up of fatty material in the coronary arteries

25
Q

How do stents treat coronary heart disease

A

Stents are used to keep coronary arteries open

26
Q

What are the consequence of a faulty heart valve?

A

Prevents the valve opening fully

Reduces the volume of blood leaving the heart

Heart vavle mught leak

Blood flows in the wrong direction through the heart

27
Q

How is a perosn with a faulty heart valve treated?

A

Valve is replaced with a biological valve or a mechanical valve

28
Q

When is an artificsal heart used?

A

Keep patient alive whilst waiting for a heart transplant

or

To allow the heart to rest to aid recovery

29
Q

How can a perosn with heart failure be treated?

A

Heart transplant

or

Heart and lungs transplant