B3 - Food and ecosystems

Question 1

What are enzymes

Answer 1

catalysts for chemical reactions in your body

Question 2

What is the shape on the enzyme called

Answer 2

Active site

Question 3

What is the thing the enzyme breaks down called

Answer 3

substrate

Question 4

Equation for photosynthesis

Answer 4

6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 5

What in the leaf causes photosynthesis

Answer 5

chlorophyll found in chloroplasts

Question 6

What is the test for starch

Answer 6

Dunk leaf in boiling water, put leaf in ethanol and heat. Rinse leaf and add iodine, if starch is present the leaf with turn blue black

Question 7

What is diffusion

Answer 7

The gradual movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 8

What is osmosis

Answer 8

The process of water entering a semi permeable membrane, from area of high concentration to low

Question 9

What is active transport

Answer 9

Active transport moves particles from an area of low concentration to an area of high

Question 10

Example of active transport

Answer 10

Root hair cell, with lots of minerals and water inside it, taking in minerals and water from an area of low concentration

Question 11

What is the Xylem

Answer 11

Xylem move water and ions UP the plant to the leaves

Question 12

What is the phloem

Answer 12

The phloem tubes transport foot substances up and down the plant

Question 13

What is transpiration

Answer 13

The loss of water from the plant via its leaves.
This happens when the stomata opens, and the water evaporates

Question 14

What must be open for transpiration to happen

Answer 14

The stomata

Question 15

Why do the stomata open

Answer 15

To allow CO2 and O2 to diffuse in and out of the leaf

Question 16

When do the stomata close

Answer 16

when water supplies start to dry up, also at night to save water

Question 17

What is the population in ecosystems

Answer 17

All the organisms of one species in the same habitat

Question 18

What is the community in ecosystems

Answer 18

All the different species living in the habitiat

Question 19

What is the control variable

Answer 19

The variable kept the same throughout the experiment

Question 20

What is the dependant variable

Answer 20

The variable we measure, which changes as a result of the independent variable being changed

Question 21

What is the independent variable

Answer 21

The variable we change

Question 22

What are some uses of glucose in plants

Answer 22

make starch and cellulose, used in building cell walls

Question 23

What is solution

Answer 23

A mix of solute dissolvent in a solvent

Question 24

What is a solute

Answer 24

The substance being dissolved

Question 25

What is solvent

Answer 25

The liquid before the thing has been disolved

Question 26

What diffuses into plant cells

Answer 26

CO2

Question 27

What does hypertonic mean

Answer 27

High solute concentration, and low water concentration

Question 28

What does hypotonic mean

Answer 28

Low solute concentration, high water concentration

Question 29

What does isotonic mean

Answer 29

Same concentration both sides of the membrane

Question 30

What process absorbs water into root hair cells

Answer 30

Osmosis

Question 31

What type of organism is found at trophic level 1

Answer 31

Producers

Question 32

What is the only thing ever moved in osmosis

Answer 32

Water

Question 33

What is the test for starch.

Answer 33

Iodine solution will turn blue/black if starch is present

Question 34

What colour will iodine remain if starch is not present

Answer 34

It will remain brown

Question 35

What is the test for protein

Answer 35

Biurets solution, added to food, will turn purple in colour

Question 36

What colour is biurets solution, used to test for proteins

Answer 36

Blue

Question 37

What is the test for sugars

Answer 37

Add benedict's solution to a test tube with sample, and heat at 95 degrees celsius.

Question 38

What colour will benedict's solution turn sugars

Answer 38

Green (less sugar) - yellow - orange - red (lots of sugar)

Question 39

What is the test for lipids

Answer 39

Ethanol and water plus sample, shake in a test tube. If lipids are present, a cloudy emulsion will form

Question 40

Is photosynthesis endo or exo

Answer 40

endothermic

Question 41

How does PH denature enzymes

Answer 41

because the enzymes can lose their structure

Question 42

What are enzymes made from

Answer 42

They are large proteins, so are made up of amino acids

Question 43

What do enzymes do

Answer 43

Split up substrates into multiple products, or combine multiple substrates into one product

Question 44

What are the two enzyme models

Answer 44

Lock and key model Induced fit model

Question 45

What is a detrivore

Answer 45

an animal which feeds on dead organic material