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GCSE Biology > B3 - Food and ecosystems > Flashcards

B3 - Food and ecosystems Flashcards

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1
Q

What are enzymes

A

catalysts for chemical reactions in your body

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2
Q

What is the shape on the enzyme called

A

Active site

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3
Q

What is the thing the enzyme breaks down called

A

substrate

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4
Q

Equation for photosynthesis

A

6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2

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5
Q

What in the leaf causes photosynthesis

A

chlorophyll found in chloroplasts

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6
Q

What is the test for starch

A

Dunk leaf in boiling water, put leaf in ethanol and heat. Rinse leaf and add iodine, if starch is present the leaf with turn blue black

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7
Q

What is diffusion

A

The gradual movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

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8
Q

What is osmosis

A

The process of water entering a semi permeable membrane, from area of high concentration to low

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9
Q

What is active transport

A

Active transport moves particles from an area of low concentration to an area of high

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10
Q

Example of active transport

A

Root hair cell, with lots of minerals and water inside it, taking in minerals and water from an area of low concentration

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11
Q

What is the Xylem

A

Xylem move water and ions UP the plant to the leaves

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12
Q

What is the phloem

A

The phloem tubes transport foot substances up and down the plant

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13
Q

What is transpiration

A

The loss of water from the plant via its leaves.
This happens when the stomata opens, and the water evaporates

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14
Q

What must be open for transpiration to happen

A

The stomata

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15
Q

Why do the stomata open

A

To allow CO2 and O2 to diffuse in and out of the leaf

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16
Q

When do the stomata close

A

when water supplies start to dry up, also at night to save water

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17
Q

What is the population in ecosystems

A

All the organisms of one species in the same habitat

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18
Q

What is the community in ecosystems

A

All the different species living in the habitiat

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19
Q

What is the control variable

A

The variable kept the same throughout the experiment

20
Q

What is the dependant variable

A

The variable we measure, which changes as a result of the independent variable being changed

21
Q

What is the independent variable

A

The variable we change

22
Q

What are some uses of glucose in plants

A

make starch and cellulose, used in building cell walls

23
Q

What is solution

A

A mix of solute dissolvent in a solvent

24
Q

What is a solute

A

The substance being dissolved

25
Q

What is solvent

A

The liquid before the thing has been disolved

26
Q

What diffuses into plant cells

A

CO2

27
Q

What does hypertonic mean

A

High solute concentration, and low water concentration

28
Q

What does hypotonic mean

A

Low solute concentration, high water concentration

29
Q

What does isotonic mean

A

Same concentration both sides of the membrane

30
Q

What process absorbs water into root hair cells

A

Osmosis

31
Q

What type of organism is found at trophic level 1

A

Producers

32
Q

What is the only thing ever moved in osmosis

A

Water

33
Q

What is the test for starch.

A

Iodine solution will turn blue/black if starch is present

34
Q

What colour will iodine remain if starch is not present

A

It will remain brown

35
Q

What is the test for protein

A

Biurets solution, added to food, will turn purple in colour

36
Q

What colour is biurets solution, used to test for proteins

A

Blue

37
Q

What is the test for sugars

A

Add benedict’s solution to a test tube with sample, and heat at 95 degrees celsius.

38
Q

What colour will benedict’s solution turn sugars

A

Green (less sugar) - yellow - orange - red (lots of sugar)

39
Q

What is the test for lipids

A

Ethanol and water plus sample, shake in a test tube. If lipids are present, a cloudy emulsion will form

40
Q

Is photosynthesis endo or exo

A

endothermic

41
Q

How does PH denature enzymes

A

because the enzymes can lose their structure

42
Q

What are enzymes made from

A

They are large proteins, so are made up of amino acids

43
Q

What do enzymes do

A

Split up substrates into multiple products, or combine multiple substrates into one product

44
Q

What are the two enzyme models

A

Lock and key model
Induced fit model

45
Q

What is a detrivore

A

an animal which feeds on dead organic material

GCSE Biology (7 decks)

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