B3 Bacterial Diseases and Preventing Disease (page 45)

Question 1

What is Salmonella?

Answer 1

it is a type of bacteria that causes food poisoning

Question 2

What are the symptoms of an infected person with Salmonella?

Answer 2

you can suffer from:

fever
stomach cramps
vomiting
diarrhoea.

Question 3

What causes the symptoms of an infected person with Salmonella?

Answer 3

these symptoms are caused by the toxins that the bacteria produce (see page 43).

Question 4

How can you get Salmonella food poisoning?

Answer 4

by eating food that’s been contaminated with Salmonela bacteria

e.g.

eating chicken that caught the disease whilst it was alive,

eating food that has been contaminated by being prepared in unhygenic conditions

Question 5

How is Salmonella bacteria controlled in the UK?

Answer 5

In the UK, most poultry (e.g. chickens and turkeys) are given a vaccination against Salmonella. This controls the spread of the disease.

Question 6

What is Gonarrhoea?

Answer 6

It is a sexually transmitted disease (STD)

Question 7

How is STDs (sexually transmitted diseases) passed on to other people?

Answer 7

by sexual contact, (having unprotected sex).

Question 8

What is Gonorrhoea caused by?

Answer 8

by bacteria.

Question 9

What are the symptoms of someone who has Gonorrhoea?

Answer 9

will get pain when they urinate, have a thick yellow or green discharge from the vagina or penis.

Question 10

How is Gonorrhoea orginally treated?

Answer 10

orginally treated with an antibiotic called penicillin, but this has become trickier now because strains of the bacteria have become resistant to it (see page 48.

Question 11

How can you prevent the spread of Gonorrhoea?

Answer 11

people can be treated with antibiotics and should use barrier methods of contraception (see page 65), such as condoms.

Question 12

How can people reduce or even prevent the spread of disease?

Answer 12

Being Hygienic
Destroying Vectors
Isolating infected individuals
Vaccination

Question 13

How can a person reduce or prevent the spread of disease being hygienic?

Answer 13

using simple hygine measures can prevent the spread of disease.

For example: doing things like washing your hands throughly before preparing food or after you’ve sneezed can stop you infecting another person.

Question 14

How can destroying Vectors reduce and even prevent the spread of disease?

Answer 14

By getting rid of the organisms that spread disease, you can prevent the disease from being passed on.

Vectors that are insects can be killed using insecticides or by destroying their habitat to that they can no longer breed.

Question 15

How can Isolating infected individuals reduce and even prevent the spread of disease?

Answer 15

If you isolate someone who has a communicable disease, it prevents them from passing it on to anyone else.

Question 16

How can Vaccinations reduce and even prevent the spread of disease?

Answer 16

Vaccinating people and animals against communicable diseases means that they can’t develop the infection and then pass it on to someone else. (there is more about how vaccination works on page 47).

Question 17

What has made it harder to treat gonnorrhoea? (1 mark).

Answer 17

Strains of the bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics/penicillin (1 mark)

Question 18

Is it important for chefs to wash their hands thoroughly before cooking. Suggest why? (1 mark)

Answer 18

To prevent the contamination of food by disease-causing pathogens (1 mark)