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8S4 > B2Ch1 Health and Lifestyle > Flashcards

B2Ch1 Health and Lifestyle Flashcards

1
Q

What are nutrients?

A

Important substances that we get from food

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2
Q

Why do we need carbohydrates?

A

They provide energy

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3
Q

Why do we need lipids (fats and oils)?

A

They provide energy and insulation

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4
Q

Why do we need protein?

A

For growth and repair

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5
Q

Why do we need minerals?

A

They keep us healthy (eg calcium helps build bones)

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6
Q

Why do we need vitamins?

A

They help keep us healthy (eg Vitamin A is needed for good eyesight)

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7
Q

Why do we need fibre?

A

It provides bulk to help keep food moving through the gut

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8
Q

Which chemical is used to test whether starch is present in food? What happens when starch is present?

A

Iodine. It turns from yellow to blue/black

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9
Q

Which chemical is used to test whether sugar is present in food? What happens when sugar is present?

A

Benedict’s Solution. It turns from blue to orange/red.

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10
Q

Which chemical is used to test whether protein is present in food? What happens when protein is present?

A

Biuret solution. It turns from pale blue to purple/lilac.

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11
Q

Which chemical is used to test whether lipids are present in food? What happens when lipids are present?

A

Ethanol. It forms a cloudy layer on water.

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12
Q

What word do we use to describe someone who is extremely overweight?

A

Obese

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13
Q

What are some of the health risks of being overweight?

A

heart disease, stroke, diabetes, some cancers

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14
Q

What word do we use to describe a situation where someone is not getting enough food to eat?

A

Starvation

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15
Q

What are some of the health risks of being underweight?

A

poor immune system, lack of energy, tiredness, lack of minerals and vitamins

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16
Q

What word is used to describe not getting enough of a particular vitamin or mineral?

A

deficiency

17
Q

What is the job of the mouth in the digestive system?

A

Chews food and mixes it with saliva

18
Q

What is the job of the oesophagus (gullet) in the digestive system?

A

Squeezes the food down to the stomach

19
Q

What is the job of the stomach in the digestive system?

A

Mixes the food up with digestive juices and acid

20
Q

What is the job of the small intestine in the digestive system?

A

Now that the nutrients have been broken down into smaller molecules, they can be absorbed into the blood

21
Q

What is the job of the large intestine in the digestive system?

A

Water is absorbed into the blood, while undigested food is pushed towards the rectum

22
Q

What is the job of the rectum in the digestive system?

A

Undigested food - now called faeces - is stored here ready to expelled from the body

23
Q

What are enzymes?

A

Special proteins in the digestive system that act like chemical scissors - they break nutrients down into smaller molecules

24
Q

What are medicinal drugs?

A

Drugs that benefit your health in some way

25
Q

What are recreational drugs?

A

Drugs that people use for enjoyment, to help them relax, or for some other reason that isn’t about improving health.

26
Q

What do we mean if we say someone is ‘addicted’ to drugs?

A

They have become dependent on the drug - they have to keep on taking the drug just to feel normal.

27
Q

What are ‘withdrawal symptoms’?

A

These are unpleasant effects when someone stops taking a drug they are addicted to.

28
Q

What sort of drug is alcohol and what are the effects of drinking it?

A

A recreational drug. It is a depressant - it slows down reactions. It can cause liver damage.

29
Q

What sort of drug is nicotine?

A

Nicotine is a stimulant - it speeds up your heart rate

30
Q

Which chemical in cigarette smoke causes cancer?

A

Tar

31
Q

What is the effect of carbon monoxide in cigarette smoke?

A

It stops the blood from carrying as much oxygen as normal

8S4 (2 decks)

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