B2a Flashcards
What do each of the 5 kingdoms do and what are they made of
Plants - use photosynthesis to produce food; cells have a cell wall made from cellulose
Animals - feed on other organisms; multicellular (made of lots of cells) and no cell walls
Fungi - make spores instead of seeds when reproducing; cell walls made from chitin
Protoctista - made of just 1 cell
Prokaryotes - have no nucleus; have a cell wall but NOT made of cellulose
What is the order of classification
Example for a rat:
Kingdom (animal), phylum (chordate), class (mammals), order (rodents), family (muroidea), genus (Rattus), species (rattus)
What is artificial classification
Basing the classification of an organism on one or two simple characteristics to make identification easier
What is natural classification
Basing classification on evolution; organisms are placed in smaller groups depending on common ancestors
Even though dogs are all different, they are in the same species because…
They all have fur, eat meat, have sharp claws and teeth, and can mate and give birth to a litter of puppies
What does species mean
A group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring
If members of different species reproduce, what will be the outcome
Naturally, it isn’t possible. But artificially it can sometimes be done, but the offspring will be STERILE (unable to reproduce)
What is a binomial name, and why are they used
A binomial name is the genus and species put together (in Latin), and they are used so that people of all languages can speak and understand what animal is being talked about
Why are animals difficult to classify
They are constant,y changing due to evolution, and some new organisms fit into lots of different groups due to unusual characteristics
What are hybrids
The result of breeding 2 animals from different species, e.g. a donkey and a horse produce a mule; a strong powerful animal. However, because hybrids are sterile, a mule is not a species and therefore difficult to classify
Why is classification important
It can show both evolutionary and ecological relationships
What are the 5 kingdoms of organisms
Plants, animals, fungi, protoctista, prokaryotes
