B2.4 - How can lifestyle, genes and the environment affect health?

Question 1

What is Cardiovascular disease?

Answer 1

a group of diseases affecting

the blood vessels

and the heart

Question 2

What causes Coronary heart disease?

Answer 2

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is caused when fat builds up and blocks the coronary arteries

if it is blocked no glucose and oxygen can get to the heart. the muscle will die and cause heart attack

Question 3

Why do people with Cardiovascular disease have high blood pressure?

Answer 3

the arteries fill up with fat making the artery narrower. Heart has to work harder to pump the blood.

Question 4

What lifestyle factors can cause high blood pressure and lead to Cardiovascular disease?

Answer 4

caffeine, alcohol, cannabis, drugs, fatty food, no exercise, smoking, too much salt

Question 5

are Cardiovascular diseases examples of communicable or non-communicable disease.

Answer 5

Non-communicable disease

not caused by an infection (pathogens)

Question 6

Explain how bad lifestyle can lead to a heart attack. 6 marks

Answer 6

person has bad lifestyle (drinking, smoking, fatty food)

fat builds up in arteries

blood flow to heart muscles is reduced

cell is starved of oxygen

heart muscle cells die

heart attack

Question 7

What increases the risk of CHD and heart attack.

Answer 7

High blood pressure

Question 8

Define risk factor

Answer 8

A risk factor increases the risk of a disease but does not cause the disease