B2.3 How cancers grow ?

Question 1

Where are steroid hormones derived from ?

Answer 1

Cholesterol

Question 2

Can steroid hormones diffuse into cells ?

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

Are steroid hormone receptors transcription factors and what are they activated by ?

Answer 3

Yes.

Activated by steroid hormones

Question 4

Name 4 steroid hormone receptors.

Answer 4

Estrogen receptor
Androgen receptor
Progesterone receptor
Retinoids acid receptor

Question 5

What is a type one steroid hormone receptor and give an example

Answer 5

Estrogen receptor which is activated in the cytoplasm of a cell

Question 6

What is the ligand for estrogen receptors and can it diffuse across the cell membrane ?

Answer 6

Estrodiol and yes can diffuse into the cell

Question 7

True or false?
ER dimerises and migrates to the nucleus.
This f diner associates with co-activators or co-receptors to modify transcript of target genes

Answer 7

True

Question 8

How is tamoxifen activated ?

Answer 8

It’s a prodrug

Metabolised to active metabolites by CY2D6

Question 9

Is tamoxifen an estrogen antagonist or an agonist ?

Answer 9

Mostly an estrogen antagonist but with some agonist

Question 10

Is tamoxifen an estrogen antagonist or an agonist ?

Answer 10

Mostly an estrogen antagonist but with some agonist

• mostly anti-estrogentic effect but estrogenic in uterus and bone

Question 11

Is fulvestrant an agonist of the ER ?

Answer 11

No its a pure anti-estogen (antagonist)

Question 12

How does fulvestrant work ?

Answer 12

Prevents dimerisation and activation which increases degradation

Question 13

How does fulvestrant work ?

Answer 13

Prevents dimerisation and activation which increases rate of ER degradation