B21

Question 1

Genome

Answer 1

All of the genetic info within an organism (nuclear + mitochondrial).
Genes (code for polypeptides), 23,000 in humans = ‘coding DNA’.

Question 2

Telomere

Answer 2

Cap at end of each chromosome to prevent DNA strand damage, is a repeating seq of bases.
TTAGGG.

Question 3

Centromere

Answer 3

Links pairs of sister chromatids in cell div

Question 4

Exon

Answer 4

Genes that code for polypeptides. 2% of total DNA.

Question 5

Inton

Answer 5

Non-coding regions of DNA that are removed from mRNA before translation.

Question 6

Satellite DNA

Answer 6

In telomeres, centromeres, introns.
Short runs of repeating seq in thousands of locations on genome. Number of repeats varies based on the individual, the more similar, the more closely related.

Question 7

Microsatellite DNA

Answer 7

Short Tandem Repeats (STR).
2-4 bases, repeat 5-15x.

Question 8

Minisatellite DNA

Answer 8

Variable Number Tandem Repeats (VNTR).
20-50 bases, repeat 50-100x.