B14

Question 1

Type 1 diabetes

Answer 1

Unable to prod insulin. Usually childhood, due to autoimmune disease (beta cells attacked).
Treatment = insulin injections.

Question 2

Type 2 diabetes

Answer 2

Receptors on target cells lose responsiveness to insulin. Usually obese adults/poor diet.
Treatment = regulate carbon intake, inc. exercise, some insulin injections.

Question 3

Where does insulin come from?

Answer 3

Genetically modified bacteria.
In future, use embryonic stem cells.

Question 4

Glycogenesis

Answer 4

Coverting glucose into glycogen. Catalysed by enzymes and occurs in liver.

Question 5

Glycogenolysis

Answer 5

Hydrolysis of glycogen to glucose. Occurs in liver (due to second messenger model).

Question 6

Gluconeogenesis

Answer 6

Creating glucose from other mols e.g. aa and glycerol in liver