B2 The Periodic Table

Question 1

How are elements in the period table arranged

Answer 1

arranged in order of increasing atomic (proton) numbers.

Question 2

What do the groups in the periodic table represent

Answer 2

vertical column

Question 3

What are the periods in the periodic table

Answer 3

horizontal row

Question 4

How are metals divided in the periodic table

Answer 4

left and middle of the Periodic Table

Question 5

How are non metals divided in the periodic table

Answer 5

right of the Periodic Table (inclusive of hydrogen at

the top)

Question 6

What are group 1 elements

Answer 6

alkali metals

Question 7

What are group 2 elements

Answer 7

alkaline earth metals

Question 8

What are group 17 elements

Answer 8

halogens

Question 9

What are group 0/18 elements

Answer 9

noble gases (unreactive)

Question 10

What is between group 2 and 13

Answer 10

Between Group 2 and Group 13: transition metals

Question 11

What is the group number determined by

Answer 11

determined by the number of electrons in the outermost / valence shells (i.e. valence electrons)

Question 12

Why are elements placed in the same group

Answer 12

same Group have the same number of valence electrons and similar chemical properties

Question 13

What do elements with 1-3 valence electrons tend to form

Answer 13

Elements with 1, 2 or 3 valence electrons (metals) tend to lose electrons to form positively charge ions (cations)

Question 14

What do elements with 5-7 valence electrons tend to form

Answer 14

Elements with 5, 6 or 7 valence electrons (non-metals) tend to gain electrons to form negatively charge ions (anions)

Question 15

What is the period of the periodic table determined by

Answer 15

the number of electron shells

Question 16

What do elements in the same period share

Answer 16

Elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells

Question 17

What is the trend of atomic size down a group

Answer 17

Atomic size increases down the Group

Question 18

What is the trend of reactivity down a METAL group

Answer 18

reactivity increases

Question 19

What is the trend of reactivity down a NON-METAL group

Answer 19

reactivity decreases

Question 20

why does atomic size increase down a group

Answer 20

the number of electrons increases

Each subsequent electron shell is further away from the nucleus which causes the outer electrons to be more shielded from the attraction of the nucleus (decrease in effective nuclear charge) and less strongly bound.

Question 21

why does reactivity increase down a metal group

Answer 21

Outermost electrons are further from and less strongly attracted to the
nucleus.

Electrons are lost from the valence shell more readily to form cations

Question 22

why does reactivity decrease down a non metal group

Answer 22

Outermost electrons are further from and less strongly attracted to the
nucleus.

Electrons are gained and added to the valence shell less readily to
form anions.