B2 - Respiration Flashcards
Why does the heart rate increase during exercise?
The heart rate increases to supply more oxygen and glucose to the respiring cells.
What is the equation for aerobic respiration in humans?
Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + energy
Why does anaerobic respiration occur during hard exercise?
There may be insufficient oxygen supplied to the muscle cells.
Where in the cell do most aerobic respiration reactions occur?
In the mitochondria.
What substance is glucose stored as in the muscles?
Glycogen.
Why is anaerobic respiration less efficient than anaerobic respiration?
Anaerobic respiration is less efficient because it produces less energy and causes muscle fatigue due to the buildup of lactic acid.
After hard exercise, why do we breathe harder?
We breathe harder to allow excess lactic acid to be broken down to form carbon dioxide and water.
What is oxygen debt?
Oxygen debt is the amount of extra oxygen required by muscle tissue during recovery from hard exercise.
How was oxygen debt repaid in humans?
By breathing heavily, your body is getting the extra oxygen that is needed to break down the lactic acid into carbon dioxide and water.
Do we respire all the time? And if so, explain why.
We respire all the time because our cells need energy and oxygen to stay alive to carry out basic life processes. For example, reproduction and movement.
Name two effects of exercise on the heart.
The arteries dilate to allow more blood to pump through. The heart pumps around your body harder and faster.
What is the definition of a heart rate?
The heart rate is the number of times your heart beats in one minute.
What is the resting rate?
The resting rate is your heart rate while completely at rest. Demand for oxygen is lower.
What does BPM stand for?
BPM stands for beats per minute.
What is the stroke volume?
The stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle of the heart in one contraction.
