B2- Organisms [1]

Question 1

What do specialised cells do

Answer 1

Carry out a specific function

Question 2

What is a tissue’s official definition

Answer 2

A group of cells that have a particular job

Question 3

What is an enzyme

Answer 3

A biological catalyst

Question 4

What happens when an enzyme has reach their optimum temperature

Answer 4

They increase the rate of reaction the fastest

Question 5

What happens when an enzyme goes past its optimal temperature

Answer 5

It denatures

Question 6

What does “denature” mean

Answer 6

It stops working

Question 7

How does an enzyme “denaturing” work (lock and key theory)

Answer 7

Too much of an increased heat changes the shape of the active site and the substrate stops fitting

Question 8

What two things effect the enzyme’s effectiveness

Answer 8

Ph and temperature

Question 9

What coverts proteins into amino acids

Answer 9

Protease

Question 10

What is proteins converted into by protease

Answer 10

Amino acids

Question 11

What is starch converted into by amylase

Answer 11

Maltose

Question 12

What is lipid converted into by lipids

Answer 12

Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 13

What is bile produced

Answer 13

Liver

Question 14

Where is bile stored before released

Answer 14

Gall bladder

Question 15

What does the L.intestine do

Answer 15

Absorb excess water from the food

Question 16

What does digestion begin

Answer 16

In the mouth with a salivary glands

Question 17

What enzyme does the stomach produce

Answer 17

Protease

Question 18

What does hydrochloric acid do

Answer 18

It kills bacteria and gives the right Ph for the enzymes to work

Question 19

What is a rough stomach Ph

Answer 19

2 (acidic)

Question 20

What does a “double circulatory system”

Answer 20

Two circuits joined together: the deoxygenated circuit and the oxygenated circuit

Question 21

What do valves prevent

Answer 21

Backflow

Question 22

Name all 4 heart chambers

Answer 22

Right and left atrium and right and left ventricle

Question 23

What does a pacemaker do

Answer 23

Sends an electric pulse causing muscles to contract and make the heart beat regularly

Question 24

What direction do arteries carry blood

Answer 24

Away from the heart

Question 25

What direction do veins carry blood

Answer 25

To the heart

Question 26

What is the hole in the arteries called

Answer 26

The lumen

Question 27

What are some adaptions of arteries due to the bloods high pressure

Answer 27

Strong, thick and elastic walls

Question 28

How thick are capillaries

Answer 28

One cell thick

Question 29

What does a permeable wall mean

Answer 29

Substances can diffuse in and out of

Question 30

What do capillaries join up and form

Answer 30

Veins

Question 31

How to veins adapt for better blood flow

Answer 31

Bigger lumens

Question 32

What is the shape of a red blood cell

Answer 32

Biconcave (donut shaped)

Question 33

Why do red blood cells contain haemoglobin

Answer 33

Because it binds to oxygen

Question 34

Why are red blood cells biconcave

Answer 34

Becuase the larger surface area allows more oxygen to be absorbed

Question 35

TRUE OR FALSE: red blood cells contain nucleuses

Answer 35

False

Question 36

What process is phagocytosis fae-go-si-toe-sis

Answer 36

Where a white blood cell engulfs a pathogen

Question 37

Name two ways white blood cells get rid of unwanted microorganisms

Answer 37

Phagocytosis and producing antitoxins