B2 Organisation Flashcards
What are some non Communicable diseases?
Cancer
Allergies
Cardiovascular disease (weakens heart+ blood vessels)
Diabetes (Inability to control blood sugar levels)
Chronic Respiritory diseases (effect lungs - ashma, COPD)
Define Non Communicable disease.
A disease that can not be spread/ passed on from person to person.
What is a tumour?
A growth of cells that abnormally divide, there are two types Benign and Malignant.
Explain what Malignant tumours are.
Cancer ones. cells invade neighboring tissues, enter the blood vessles and metastise (spread smwhere else) into differnt sites. Difficult to treat.
Explain what Benign tumours are.
NOT cancer ones, the cels grow abnormally only locally and cannot be spread by invasion or metastasis. Can grow large very quickly. May cause pressure dammage to other organs.
What is the cell cycle?
Interphase where chromasomes repicate.
Mitotic phase where nucleus divided and so does the cytoplasm.
Cells split into two daughter cells
Name the 6 types of cancer.
Cervical, Testical, Breast,
Brain, Skin, Lung
]
List some causes or risk factors of cancer.
Genetic factors
DNA mutations - tabacco and aspestos
Ionising Radiation - uv light, xrays
Viral infections - HPV virus
How does Radiotherapy treat cancer?
Cancer cells are destroyed by targeted doses of radiation. Stops mitosis in cancer cells but may cause damage to healthy cells.
How does chemotherapy treat cancer?
Chemicals are used to stop cancer cells dividing or makes them self destruct. Many side effects of chemotherapy (faint, vomiting, tired) Scienticts are working to make them more specific.
Explain how smoking is a risk factor.
- Increases heart rate putting more pressure of the heart
- reduces bloods oxygen capacity
- prevents oxygen combining ith heamaglobin reducing ammount of oxygen in the blood.
Explain how a high cholestrol/ fat dies is a risk factor.
Unhealthy eating cholesterol& fat contribute to deposists that build up in the arteries.
Explain how lack of exercise is a risk factor.
Moderate physical activity helps the heart work more efficiently by building up heart muscle to be efficient
Heat pushes out more blood with eah beat so blood pressure is under control.
Explain how high blood pressure is a risk factor.
Can strain your heart plus speed up the process of coronary heart desease.
Damaging the inner artery walls
List some factors that can increase your chance for NCD
- Smoking
- poor diet
- lack of exercise
- exessive alcohol consumption
- exposure to carcinogens
- UV light
- Genes
