B2 - Cells Flashcards
cell definition
What is a cell
the cell is the basic organisational unit of life
tissue definition
What is a tissue
a tissue is a group of similar cells working together
organ definition
What is a organ
an organ is a group of tissues working together to do a job
organ system definition
What is a organ system
an organ system is a group of organs working together to do a job
organism definition
What is a organism
an organism is a group of organ systems working together to do a job
formula of magnification
Not just the letters
magnification = image size / actual size
parts of an animal cell [6]
Mitochondrion [1]
Cell membrane [1]
Nucleus [1]
Ribosome [1]
Cytoplasm [1]
(Some times temporary Vacuoles) [1]
parts of a plant cell [8]
Mitochondra [1]
Cell membrane [1]
Nucleus [1]
Ribosome [1]
Cytoplasm [1]
Cell wall [1]
Vacuole [1]
Chloroplast [1]
parts of a bacteria cell [8]
Cell wall [1]
Cell membrane [1]
Plasmids [1]
Circular chromosone / circular DNA [1]
Ribosomes [1]
Cytoplasm [1]
Flagellum (sometimes) [1]
Cell capsule [1]
what is binary fission
binary fission is how new cells are produced. A cell will grow larger and copy its organelles and will form a cross wall during cytokinesis and will create two genetically identical daughter cells
parts of a microscope (9)
mirror/light
stage
slide
cover slip
objective lens
eyepiece lens
arm
coarse focus
fine focus
what does a red blood cell do
transports oxygen
what does a ciliated cell do
moves mucus up the trachea and bronchi
what does a root hair cell do
absorbs water and minerals
what does a palisade, mesophyll cell do
photosynthesis
What are Sperms cells used in
reproduction
what does a neurone do
conduction of nerve impulses
What is the egg cell used in
reproduction
Mitochondrion (3)
where respiration happens
contains enzymes for respiration
only visible using an electron microscope
Cell membrane (4)
separates the cell’s contents from its surroundings
a selective (partially permeable) barrier
controls what dissolved substances go in and out of the cell
contains receptor molecules
Nucleus (3)
controls the activities of the cell
contains genetic information in chromosones
contains instructions to make new cells or organisms
Ribosome (3)
tiny structures in the cytoplasm
only visible with an electron microscope
it is the site of protein synthesis
Cytoplasm (2)
a jelly-like substance containing water and dissolved substances eg sugar and salts
contains organelles (cell parts) where chemical reactions happen
Cell wall (3)
surrounds the cell
made of tough fiber called cellulose (in plants) or peptidoglycan (in bacteria)
makes the cell rigid and supports the cell
Vacuole (2)
full of cell sap (watery solution of sugar and salts)
helps keep the cell rigid which supports the plant and keeps it upright
Chloroplast (5)
contains green cholorophyll (a pigment)
only found in green parts of the plant
photosynthesis happens here
larger than mitochondria so visible under a light microscope
detail only visible using an electron microscope
Plasmids
A plasmid is a small circular DNA molecule found in bacteria and some other microscopic organisms. They are basically survival DNA
Capsule
Capsules can protect a bacterial cell from ingestion and destruction by white blood cells (phagocytosis)
