B2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are cells?

A

The basic building blocks of all living organisms

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2
Q

What is a tissue?

A

Group of cells with a similar structure and function.

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3
Q

What are organs?

A

They are aggregations of tissues performing specific functions.

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4
Q

What are organs organised into?

A

Organ systems- which work together to form organisms

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5
Q

What are the 3 main nutrients found in food?

A

-Carbohydrates
-Fats/ lipids
-Protein

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6
Q

Why do the nutrients found in food have to be digested?

A

They are too large to be entered into the blood steam.

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7
Q

What is amylase an example of?

A

Carbohydrase

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8
Q

What does a carbohydrase do?

A

Breaks down starch.

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9
Q

Where is amylase produced?

A
  • Salivary glands( mouth)
    -The pancreas
    -The small intestine
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10
Q

What does protease do?

A

Breaks down proteins.

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11
Q

What do proteins break down into?

A

Amino acids

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12
Q

What does carbohydrates break into?

A

Starch

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13
Q

Where is protease produced?

A
  • The stomach (aka pepsin)
  • The pancreas
    -The small intestine
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14
Q

What does lipase do?

A

Brakes down lipids

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15
Q

What does lipids brake down into?

A

Glycerol/ fatty acids

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15
Q

Where is bile produced?

A

Liver

16
Q

Complete
Bile is stored in the —– before released into the—-.

A

Gall bladder
Small intestine

17
Q

What does bile do to the hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

A

Neutralises acid.

18
Q

What conditions do the enzymes in the small intestine work best at?

A

Alkaline conditions

19
Q

Bile —– fat?
What does this mean and how does it help?

A

Emulsifies
Breaks down fa into tiny droplets to create a larger surface area: volume ratio which speeds up digestion