B2 Flashcards
What are cells?
The basic building blocks of all living organisms
What is a tissue?
Group of cells with a similar structure and function.
What are organs?
They are aggregations of tissues performing specific functions.
What are organs organised into?
Organ systems- which work together to form organisms
What are the 3 main nutrients found in food?
-Carbohydrates
-Fats/ lipids
-Protein
Why do the nutrients found in food have to be digested?
They are too large to be entered into the blood steam.
What is amylase an example of?
Carbohydrase
What does a carbohydrase do?
Breaks down starch.
Where is amylase produced?
- Salivary glands( mouth)
-The pancreas
-The small intestine
What does protease do?
Breaks down proteins.
What do proteins break down into?
Amino acids
What does carbohydrates break into?
Starch
Where is protease produced?
- The stomach (aka pepsin)
- The pancreas
-The small intestine
What does lipase do?
Brakes down lipids
What does lipids brake down into?
Glycerol/ fatty acids
Where is bile produced?
Liver
Complete
Bile is stored in the —– before released into the—-.
Gall bladder
Small intestine
What does bile do to the hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
Neutralises acid.
What conditions do the enzymes in the small intestine work best at?
Alkaline conditions
Bile —– fat?
What does this mean and how does it help?
Emulsifies
Breaks down fa into tiny droplets to create a larger surface area: volume ratio which speeds up digestion
