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Biology > B1A, Diet, Disease, Drugs > Flashcards

B1A, Diet, Disease, Drugs Flashcards

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0
Q

What is our energy used for?

A

Carry out everyday functions and build new cells

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1
Q

What are our energy sources?

A

Carbohydrates, fats and proteins

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2
Q

What affects how much energy you need?

A

Size, sex, exercise, outside temperature, pregnancy

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3
Q

What happens if you don’t get enough vitamins and minerals?

A

Deficiencies

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4
Q

What is metabolic rate?

A

The rate at which your chemical reactions happen inside cells

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5
Q

What effects metabolic rate?

A

Exercise
Fat:muscle ratio
Genetics

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6
Q

What are the problems with being overweight ?

A

Heart disease and type 2 diabetes

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7
Q

What are the problems with being underweight?

A

Reduced resistance to infection

Irregular periods in females

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8
Q

What is the problem with fast food?

A

Too much fat and sugar

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9
Q

What is the problem with too much salt?

A

Causes high blood pressure

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10
Q

Info about cholesterol

A

Made in the liver
Too much linked to heart disease
Amount depends on diet and genetics

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11
Q

Why does your body make cholesterol ?

A

Making hormones and membranes

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12
Q

What is a preventative for heart disease?

A

Statins stop liver making too much cholesterol

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13
Q

How do you loose weight ?

A

Energy in = less then energy expanded

Exercise more and diet

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14
Q

How do you evaluate diets

A

Evidence
Healthy
Effective
Cost

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15
Q

Who was Semmelweis ?

A 
Dr who discovered that infection could be passed between patients 
He introduced hand washing 
Reduced death rates 
But wasn't believed
No technology to visualise pathogens
16
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

A micro organism that makes us feel ill

17
Q

Name two pathogens

A

Bacteria and viruses

18
Q

How do bacteria make us feel ill?

A

Reproduce quickly and produce toxins

19
Q

How do viruses make us feel ill?

A

Reproduce quickly, damage the cells they reproduce in and release toxins

20
Q

How can pathogens be transmitted ?

A

Droplet infection
Direct contact
Contaminated food/drink

21
Q

Name 3 of the body’s passive defence mechanisms

A

Protective barrier skin
Sticky mucus in airways
Clotting of blood

Biology (3 decks)

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