B1a

Question 1

Give the definition of HEALTHY.

Answer 1

Being free of infection or disease.

Question 2

Describe being fit.

Answer 2

It is a measure of how well you can perform a physical task.

Question 3

Name the types of fitness.

Answer 3

Stamina, flexibility, agility, strength and speed.

Question 4

What is cardiovascular efficiency?

Answer 4

The ability of the heart to supply oxygen to the muscles.

Question 5

How do you measure stamina?

Answer 5

By measuring oxygen uptake during exercise, and blood pressure.

Question 6

What is blood pressure?

Answer 6

The pressure that blood is pumped around our body.

Question 7

When is blood pressure at its highest and what is it called?

Answer 7

Blood pressure at its highest when the heart contracts, this is called systolic pressure.

Question 8

When is blood pressure at its lowest and what is it called?

Answer 8

Blood pressure is at its lowest when the heart relaxes, this is called diastolic pressure.

Question 9

What is blood pressure measured in?

Answer 9

It is measured in mm of mercury (mmHg).

Question 10

Name 4 factors that increase blood pressure?

Answer 10

Smoking, being overweight, drinking too much alcohol and being under a lot of stress for a long period of time.

Question 11

What heath problems can be caused by high blood pressure?

Answer 11

• blood vessels burst

- this leads to strokes, brain damage and or kidney damage

Question 12

How can one decrease high BP?

Answer 12

Lifestyle changes

Question 13

What health problems can be caused by low BP?

Answer 13

• poor circulation
• therefore a lack of food and oxygen supplied to tissues, including the brain
• therefore you feel dizzy and may faint

Question 14

How does carbon monoxide increase your blood pressure?

Answer 14

-Carbon monoxide combines with the haemoglobin in the red blood cells, meaning less oxygen can be carried. To make up for the lack of oxygen, the heart rate increases. The heart contracts more frequently, increasing blood pressure.

Question 15

How does nicotine increase your blood pressure?

Answer 15

Nicotine increases your heart rate. Your heart contracts more often, increasing blood pressure.

Question 16

How can high salt levels cause a heart attack?

Answer 16

• Too much salt in your diet increases your blood pressure.
• high blood pressure increases the risk of damage to the arteries, this damage an encourage the build up of plaques, which can lead to heart attack.

Question 17

How can a diet high in saturated fats increase you blood pressure?

Answer 17

A diet high in saturated fats has been linked to high levels of cholesterol in the blood. Getting too much cholesterol can cause it to start building up on artery walls. This form plaques in the artery walls, which arrow the arteries. The plaques restrict the blood flow which can lead to a heart attack.

Question 18

Why do narrow arteries increase your risk of a heart attack?

Answer 18

• If your coronary arteries because narrowed, blood flow is restricted.
• If a thrombosis appears in an already narrow artery, the supply of blood (and oxygen) to the heart muscle will be completely blocked of, causing a heart attack.

Question 19

Which arteries supply the heart muscle with blood?

Answer 19

The coronary arteries.

Question 20

What is cholesterol?

Answer 20

Cholesterol is a fatty substance, needed for things such as making cell membranes.