B1.6-9 Transport Flashcards
definition for diffusion
particlesmoving from a high concentration to a low conc down a conc gradient
what three transport processes do plants use
diffusion, osmosis, and active transport
how does temperature affect the rate of diffusion
higher temp causes particles to move around more quickly and increases the rate of diffusion
how does surface area affect the rate of diffusion
urface area has folds in it then it has a larger surface area over which diffusion can take place. This increases the rate
how does a difference in concentration affect the rate of diffusion
The greater the difference, the faster the rate.
what does active transport allow in a root hair cell
mineral ions to be absorbed from very dilute (low conc) solutions in the soil. Plants require ions for healthy growth
definition of osmosis
Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane
active transport definition
moves substances from an area of low conc to high conc against a conc gradient
what do large multicellular organisms have to do to adapt to increase diffusion
large surface area
thin membrane
efficient blood supply
well ventilated (lungs)
what does active transport allow in gut
allows glucose molecules to be absorbed into high conc into blood from low conc in gut
Why cant multicellular organisms able to get the nutrients they need
they have a small surface area to volume ratio
if a plant is placed in a dilute solution what will happen
water move in by osmosis causing cell to expand but cell wall stops it from bursting.. Becomes swollen called turgid.
if a plant is placed in a concentrated solution what will happen
water move out by osmosis causing cell to shrink called flaccid.
what is plasmolysis
too much water is lost causing vacuole and cytoplasm shrink and eventually pull away from cell wall
uses energy from where
energy released from food in resp. to provide energy
