B14 variation and evolution

Question 1

What types of variation are there

Answer 1

1. Genes inherited from parents (genetic)
2. Condition of environment that we and genes are exsposed to (environmental)
3. A combination

Question 2

What is mutation

Answer 2

changes that occur to our DNA that happen randomly and cause genetic variation. If this mutation is helpful to survive evolution due to natural selection may occur

Question 3

Disadvantage of selective breeding

Answer 3

Can lead to inbreeding where some breeds are prone to diseases or inherited defects

Question 4

What is selective breeding

Answer 4

Process of human breeding plants or animals for particular genetic characteristics

Question 5

Why might selective breeding occur

Answer 5

1. Disease resistant food crops
2. Animals which produce more good eg. Meat or milk
3. Better appearance for plants or animals and many others

Question 6

How does selective breeding work

Answer 6

1. Choose 2 organisms from a population with a desired characteristic and breed them
2. Offspring with desired characteristics are then bred again
3. Repeat until all offspring have desired characteristics

Question 7

What is genetic engineering

Answer 7

Genes are cut out from chromosome of one organisms and transferred to another organisms

Question 8

Benefits of genetically modified crops

Answer 8

Increase of yield by creating crops resistant to pests and herbicides. Gm could be used to treat inherited disorders.

Question 9

Disadvantages of genetically modified crops