Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology II > B14 Drug Summary > Flashcards

B14 Drug Summary Flashcards

1
Q

Leuprolide

A
  • GnRH agonist

- Pulsatile for infertility (rarely used), continuous for Prostate cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Goserolin

A
  • GnRH agonist

- Pulsatile for infertility (rarely used), continuous for Prostate cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

“-relix” drugs (Ganorelix, Cetorelix, Abarelix, Degarelix)

A
  • GnRH antagonists (ant G needs to -relix)

- Prostate cancer (alternative to continuous dosed GnRH agonists)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Somatropin

A
  • GH agonist

- Tx for GH deficiency or growth inhibiting disease like Prader-Willi or Turners

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Octreotide

A
  • GH antagonist

- gigantism, acromegaly, carcinoid tumor, bleeding esophageal verices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Lanreotide

A
  • think, it can cure “a giant from reo”
  • GH antagonist
  • gigantism, acromegaly, carcinoid tumor, bleeding esophageal verices
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Menotropin

A
  • “meno” = mixed, so both LH & FSH

- infertility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lutropin, recombinant hCG

A
  • “Lu is LH” , LH only

- LH deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Urofollitropin

A
  • “folli is FSH”, FSH only

- infertility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Bromocryptine

A
  • “it’s dope to go online with my bros”
  • Dopamine agonist, which regulates Prolactin, so it is a Prolactin Antagonist
  • Tx for hyperprolactinemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cabergoline

A
  • think how Cabergoline sounds like dopamine
  • Dopamine agonist, which regulates Prolactin, so it is a Prolactin Antagonist
  • Tx for hyperprolactinemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Desmopressin

A
  • Sounds like vasopressin, acts like vasopressin
  • Vasopressin (ADH) agonist
  • DOC for Central Diabetes Insipidus
  • can also treat Von Willebrand Disease, Nocturnal Enuresis (peeing in bed), and Hemophilia A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Conivaptan

A
  • Vasopressin (ADH) Antagonist, aka “Aquaretic”
  • remember the cones at the “vapor” national park that was spraying
  • Tx for SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate ADH)
  • 2nd line treatment behind the preferred Demeclocycline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tolvaptan

A
  • Vasopressin (ADH) Antagonist, aka “Aquaretic”
  • remember the toll booth at the “vapor” national park that was spraying
  • Tx for SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate ADH)
  • 2nd line treatment behind the preferred Demeclocycline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Lispro

A
  • meal time insulin therapy

- rapid onset (15 minutes) with a 4-6 hr duration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Regular Insulin

A
  • meal time insulin therapy

- short onset (30 minutes) with a 4-6 hr duration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

NPH

A
  • basal insulin therapy
  • intermediate onset (1.5 hours) with a 12 hour duration
  • dosed b.i.d
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Glargine

A
  • Basal insulin therapy
  • Long acting (onset 2 hours) with a 24 hour duration
  • dosed q.d
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Metformin

A
  • Biguanide
  • First-line Tx, no hypoglycemia
  • Decreases hepatic glucose output while simultaneously increasing peripheral glucose uptake
  • Do not give in renal or liver failure or with/after IV contrast (hold for 48 hours)
  • Can cause diarrhea (common) and lactic acidosis (rare)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pioglitazone

A
  • Thiazolidinedione
  • increases peripheral tissue insulin sensitivity
  • can cause edema, so CI with advanced CHF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Glipizide

A
  • aka Sulfonylurea
  • stimulates insulin release from the pancreas by blocking ATP sensitive K+ channels
  • can cause severe hypoglycemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Repaglinide

A
  • aka Meglitinide
  • stimulates insulin release from the pancreas by blocking ATP sensitive K+ channels
  • can cause severe hypoglycemia
23
Q

Acarbose

A
  • alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
  • prevents digestion/absorption of complex carbs
  • can cause GI issues
24
Q

Exenatide

A
  • GLP-1 analog
  • acts like incretin, so it stimulates insulin secretion
  • can cause weight loss, acute pancreatitis, thyroid tumors
25
Q

Sitagliptin

A
  • DDP-4 inhibitor

- slows inactivation of incretin

26
Q

Canagliflozin

A
  • “cana” looks like canal, so think kidney-canal
  • SGLT2 inhibitor
  • acts on kidneys, so renally adjust
  • increase risk of UTI’s
27
Q

Ketoconazole

A
  • blocks 17-alpha hydroxylase and desmolase
  • Tx for ACTH dependent Cushing’s Syndrome, prostate cancer, and is an antifungal
  • can cause hepatotoxicity and QT prolongation
28
Q

Spironolactone

A
  • inhibits aldosterone

- Tx for primary Hyperaldosteronism or Conn Syndrome

29
Q

Fludrocortisone

A
  • Tx for Addison Disease

- IV for acute cases ike adrenal hemorrhage from septicemia

30
Q

Hydrocortisone

A
  • Tx for Addison Disease

- IV for acute cases like adrenal hemorrhage from septicemia

31
Q

PTH

A
  • Tx for osteoporosis
  • decreased calcium excretion
  • increased one resorption
  • phosphate excretion
  • calcitril production from kidneys
32
Q

Sevelamer

A
  • Tx for osteoporosis

- Phosphate binder

33
Q

Calcitriol

A
  • Tx for osteoporosis

- Vitamin D formed by the kidney in response to PTH

34
Q

Cholecalciferol

A
  • Tx for osteoporosis

- Vitamin D3 - made in the skin and in animals

35
Q

Ergocalciferol

A
  • Tx for osteoporosis

- Vitamin D2 - plant source foods

36
Q

Alendronate

A
  • Tx for osteoporosis
  • a biphosphonate
  • binds to sites of bone remodeling
  • must stand or sit for 30-60 minutes
  • can cause atypicaly femur fractures
37
Q

Denosumab

A
  • Tx for osteoporosis
  • monoclonal antibody that binds to RANKL
  • do not give in hypocalcemia
38
Q

Miacalcinin

A
  • Calcitonin salmon
39
Q

Fortical

A

Calcitonin salmon

40
Q

Tamoxifen

A
  • SERM
  • Tx for breast cancer
  • Hot flashes & Thromboembolism (cataract, retinopathy)
41
Q

Raloxifene

A
  • SERM
  • Tx for Osteoporosis
  • hot flashes & thromboembolism
42
Q

Clomiphene

A
  • SERM
  • Tx for infertility: induces ovulation by blocking the negative feedback of estrogen to the pituitary gland, leading to more release of FSH & LH
  • Nausea, hot flashes, ovarian cysts
43
Q

Fulvestrant

A
  • full estrogen receptor antagonist
  • Tx for breast cancer
  • Nausea, hepatotoxicity
44
Q

Anastrozole

A
  • aromatase inhibitor
  • Tx for breast cancer
  • hot flashes, nausea
45
Q

Letrozole

A
  • Aromatase inhibitor
  • Tx for breast cancer
  • Nausea and hot flashes
46
Q

Danazol

A
  • inhibits 17-alpha hydroxylase, decreasing estrogen synthesis
  • Tx for endometrosis
  • Hirsutism, hepatotoxicity, thromboembolism
47
Q

Progestins

A
  • Androgenic, can cause acne and hirsutism

- long term use can decrease bone density

48
Q

Mifepristone

A
  • progesterone and glucocorticoid antagonist

- Abortion

49
Q

Ulipristal

A
  • partial progesterone agonist and weak glucocorticoid antagonist
  • emergency contraceptive
50
Q

Finasteride

A
  • 5alpha-reductase inhibitor, increases apoptosis
  • Tx for BPH
  • decreased libido
51
Q

Dutasteride

A
  • 5alpha-reductase inhibitor, increases apoptosis
  • Tx for BPH
  • decreased libido
52
Q

Flutamide

A
  • Androgen receptor blocker
  • Tx for prostate cancer
  • Decreased libido, hepatotoxicity
53
Q

Sildenafil

A
  • PDE5i
  • First line ED medication
  • can cause hypotension, blurred (and blue tinted - “cyanopsia”) vision
  • do not take with nitroglycerine or vasodilators
54
Q

Alprostadil

A
  • second line ED medication
  • PGE1 analog
  • localized pain and burning

Pharmacology II (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions