B14

Question 1

FCC is a subjective method to evaluate the accuracy of the ______

Answer 1

Accommodative response

Question 2

What 2 things can FCC determine?

Answer 2

The patients bino near point and a tentative near add power for the patient

Question 3

How should the illumination be for the FCC test?

Answer 3

Room lighting should be DIM and the stand light should NOT be directed at the target

Question 4

When doing FCC and the patient says initially that the vertical lines are clear, is this a lag or lead of accommodation?

Answer 4

Lead

Question 5

When doing FCC and the patient says initially that the horizontal lines are clear, is this a lag or lead of accommodation?

Answer 5

Lag

Question 6

If doing the FCC to determine a tentative add for a presbyope, if the patient is over the age of 50, what should you add before asking the patient which lines appear sharper or clearer?

Answer 6

+1.00

Question 7

If the patient says what the horizontal lines are clearer during FCC, what should you do?

Answer 7

Add +0.25 one click at a time until they say that the vertical lines are darker/sharper

Question 8

If the patient says what the vertical lines are clearer during FCC, what should you do?

Answer 8

Initially check lighting, flip the JCC axes so that the red dots are along the horizontal meridian. Then ask if the horizontal or vertical lines are clearer

If horizontal now, switch back and add minus one click at a time

If still vertical, patient has vertical preference (probably not reliable)

Question 9

What is the endpoint for JCC?

Answer 9

Where the vertical and horizontal are equal or where horizontal (first) is the sharpest/darkest

Question 10

What is the expected JCC range for non presbyopes?

Answer 10

+.50 (+ or - 0.50)

Question 11

Determines the change in accommodative convergence that occurs when the patient accommodates or relaxes accommodation by a given amount

Answer 11

AC/A ratio

Question 12

What is the expected AC/A ratio?

Answer 12

3-5 prism/D

Question 13

What are the two ways to determine AC/A ratio?

Answer 13

• gradient AC/A

- Calculated AC/A

Question 14

Why is the calculated AC/A greater than the gradient?

Answer 14

Due to the effect of proximal convergence and lag of accommodation

Question 15

Someone with high AC/A ratios will have a significant change in accommodative convergence with small changes in spherical lenses and ___ changes in the phoria

Answer 15

Large

Question 16

What does a high AC/A ratio mean?

Answer 16

There is an excess convergence with accommodation

Question 17

Someone with low AC/A ratios will have an insignificant change in accommodative convergence and a ___ change in the phoria

Answer 17

Small

Question 18

What does a low AC/A ratio mean?

Answer 18

There is a low convergence with accommodation

Question 19

A patient with a PD of 64 mm has a 3 Δ esophoria at distance and 9 Δ esophoria at 40 cm. What is his AC/A ratio? High, low, or normal AC/A?

Answer 19

8.8 (high AC/A)

Question 20

A patient with a PD of 64 mm has a 1.5 Δ esophoria at distance and 3 Δ exophoria at 40 cm. What is her AC/A? High, low, or normal AC/A?

Answer 20

4.6 (low AC/A)

Question 21

A patient with a PD of 60 mm has a 4 Δ exophoria at 40 cm through their subjective refraction and 8 Δ exophoria at 40 cm with +1.50 D over the subjective refraction. What is her AC/A ratio? High, low, or normal AC/A?

Answer 21

2.67 (low AC/A)

Question 22

What are 7 PFV testing?

Answer 22

• smooth and step vergences (BO)
• Vergence facility (12 BO)
• NRA
• BAF (+ lenses)
• NPC
• MEM
• FCC

Question 23

If someone has a AC/A of 7:1. When a patient is present with +2.00 lenses, what happens?

Answer 23

They need at least 14 prism D to overcome

Question 24

What are the 6 tests for NFV?

Answer 24

• smooth and step vergences (BI)
• Vergence facility (3BI)
• PRA
• BAF (- lenses)
• MEM
• FCC

Question 25

What are the direct testing for PFV and NFV?

Answer 25

• smooth vergences
• step vergences
• vergence facility

Question 26

What are the indirect tests for PFV and NFV?

Answer 26

• NPC (PFV)

- NRA and PRA