B1.3 Respiration

Question 1

aerobic resporation

Answer 1

process of transferring energy from glucose and oxygen. You get the oxygen needed for respiration from the air you breathe.

Question 2

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 2

Process of transferring energy from glucose in the absence of oxygen.

Question 3

ATP

Answer 3

abbreviation of adenosine triphosphate, a chemical energy store

Question 4

exothermic

Answer 4

a chemical reaction in which energy is transferred from the reacting mixture to the surroundings

Question 5

Fermentation

Answer 5

anaerobic respiration process that produces ethanol and carbon dioxide

Question 6

Metabolic rate

Answer 6

The rate at which the body uses energy

Question 7

Oxygen debt

Answer 7

the quantity of oxygen to break down lactic acid produced during anaerobic respiration

Question 8

anaerobic respiration word equation

Answer 8

glucose -> lactic acid

Question 9

Fermentation word and chemical equations

Answer 9

glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide

C6H12O6 -> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

Question 10

Word and symbol equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 10

glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 11

Where does respiration occur?

Answer 11

mitochondria. The more mitochondria a cell has is the more active it is

Question 12

What happens to energy produced?

Answer 12

ATP made from respiration is used synthesise larger molecules from smaller ones to make new cell material, for movement and is used to stay warm.

Question 13

Carbohydrates

Answer 13

Carbohydrates are polymers. They are made up from smaller molecules such as sugars. Starch is an example of a carbohydrate polymer. It is synthesised from glucose monomers. Plants often convert glucose into starch. Starch is a chemical store. Inside your body, carbohydrase enzymes break down carbohydrates. Starch is broken down by the enzyme amylase.

Question 14

Proteins

Answer 14

Proteins are polymers. They are made from amino acids. There are 20 different amino acids. The order in which the amino acids are joined determines the protein that is synthesised. In you body protease enzymes break down proteins into amino acids.

Question 15

Lipids

Answer 15

Lipids are the fats and oils you eat. As well as being a good store of energy, some animals use them for insulation and buoyancy. Lipids are synthesised from three fatty acid molecules and a glycerol molecule. In your body, lipase enzymes break down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol.