B1.1.1 Flashcards
What are the two main types of cells?
Eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells
What is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?
Contain genetic material in a nucleus
What is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
Do not contain a nucleus
What is the size range of eukaryotic cells?
10 µm to 100 µm
What is the size range of prokaryotic cells?
1 µm to 10 µm
Name a type of eukaryotic cell.
Plant cell or animal cell
Name a type of prokaryotic cell.
Bacterial cell
What structures do all eukaryotic cells have?
Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria
What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?
Controls cell activities and contains genetic material
What is the function of mitochondria?
Where respiration happens
What do plant cells have that animal cells do not?
Cell wall, vacuole, chloroplasts
What is the function of chloroplasts?
Contain chlorophyll and are involved in photosynthesis
What is the purpose of the vacuole in plant cells?
Helps to keep the plant rigid and store substances
What is the function of the cell wall?
Surrounds the cell and provides rigidity
Fill in the blank: Eukaryotic cells are ______ and complex.
larger
Fill in the blank: Prokaryotic cells are ______ and simpler.
smaller
True or False: All living organisms are made up of cells.
True
What is cytoplasm?
‘Jellylike’ substance where chemical reactions occur
Describe how plant cells remain rigid.
Due to the presence of a cell wall and vacuole
What do muscle cells contain many of, and why is this important?
Many mitochondria; important for energy production
Why do leaf cells contain chloroplasts but root cells do not?
Leaf cells perform photosynthesis; root cells do not.
What is the function of enzymes in mitochondria?
Enable the breakdown of glucose during respiration
What is the primary role of algae?
Make their own food using photosynthesis
